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Selected Aspects of Sustainable Tourism in the European Union Countries form the Point of View of the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals

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  • Iwona Bak
  • Malgorzta Kurtz

Abstract

Purpose: The article aims to show which European Union countries deviate in plus and minus from the average level of selected variables characterizing the level of sustainable tourism and the links between countries from the point of view of the analyzed variables. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The correspondence analysis based on a complex matrix of markers and Ward’s method was used in the study. The research covered the 27 current members of the European Union and the United Kingdom, which only in 2021 formally left the European Union. Findings: The research shows that EU countries are very diverse in terms of sustainable tourism, as evidenced by, among others, indicators of the quality of the natural environment and the intensity of tourist traffic used by the research. This diversity is related to the general socio-economic development of countries, the level of industrialization, the degree of urbanization, having natural assets, etc. No groups of countries would differ significantly in plus or minus from the average of all analyzed variables in the EU. Practical Implications: The presented results are important for individual countries as well as for global organizations. They can be helpful for entities involved in the development of tourism and, consequently, increase the innovativeness and competitiveness of economies that are at least partly based on tourism. Sustainable tourism, which preserves cultural integrity and biological diversity, can become an excellent alternative to mass tourism. Originality/Value: The article contributes to the most current European and world scientific discussions on the importance of sustainable tourism and highlights the most exciting problems and dilemmas that may become the subject of further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Iwona Bak & Malgorzta Kurtz, 2021. "Selected Aspects of Sustainable Tourism in the European Union Countries form the Point of View of the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 2), pages 114-129.
  • Handle: RePEc:ers:journl:v:xxiv:y:2021:i:special2-part1:p:114-129
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Torres-Delgado, Anna & Palomeque, Francesc López, 2014. "Measuring sustainable tourism at the municipal level," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 122-137.
    2. Magdalena Ziolo & Beata Zofia Filipiak & Iwona Bąk & Katarzyna Cheba & Diana Mihaela Tîrca & Isabel Novo-Corti, 2019. "Finance, Sustainability and Negative Externalities. An Overview of the European Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-35, August.
    3. Jie Zhu & Weijian Hua, 2017. "Visualizing the knowledge domain of sustainable development research between 1987 and 2015: a bibliometric analysis," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 110(2), pages 893-914, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Agnieszka Bekisz & Michal Kruszynski, 2024. "Perception of Selected Aspects of Sustainable Development in the Opinion of Generation Z," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2), pages 884-897.
    2. Agata Balinska & Ewa Jaska & Agnieszka Werenowska, 2023. "Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Behavior of Generation Z in the Context of Tourist Trips," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 945-959.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sustainable development; tourism; EU countries; multiple correspondence analysis.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A13 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Social Values
    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • Z32 - Other Special Topics - - Tourism Economics - - - Tourism and Development

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