Reliability Measures in GNSS Multi-constellation Systems

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to analyse methods and factors that describe reliability in modern GNSS systems. Design/Methodology/Approach: This analysis was conducted for several branches of human activity that rely on technical systems for assuring safe and reliable operations. Transportation, logistics, geodetical measurements, or development are just few professional activities dependent on satellite positioning. The reliability of the whole transport or technological chain is often combined with the singular reliability of satellite monitoring systems. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are present where human activity must be backed with precise positioning and timing information. Findings: This paper will provide a review of researches in the field of GNSS on the side of the multi-constellation receiver concerning reliability issues. Practical Implications: A combination of technical criteria to mention safety, maintainability, quality, cost, risk, or availability will be addressed as a comparative analysis. Originality/Value: The results of the study reflect the applicability and effectiveness of used indicators that can contribute to many human activites. Consequently, the fundamental strength of proposed factors can contribute to many business branches where accuracy and standard measures of reliability used in single constellation (like GPS) receivers differ then multi-constellation ones where more complex reliability measures must be provided.