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Portfolio performance under tracking error and benchmark volatility constraints

Author

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  • Jan Frederick Hausner
  • Gary van Vuuren

Abstract

Purpose - Using a portfolio comprising liquid global stocks and bonds, this study aims to limit absolute risk to that of a standardised benchmark and determine whether this has a significant impact on expected return in both high volatility period (HV) and low volatility period (LV). Design/methodology/approach - Using a traditional benchmark comprising 40% equity and 60% bonds, a constant tracking error (TE) frontier was constructed and implemented. Portfolio performance for different TE constraints and different economic periods (expansion and contraction) was explored. Findings - Results indicate that during HV, replicating benchmark portfolio risk produces portfolios that outperform both the maximum return (MR) portfolio and the benchmark. MR portfolios outperform those with the same risk as that of the benchmark in LV. The MR portfolio weights assets to obtain the highest return on the TE frontier. During HV, the benchmark replicated risk portfolio obtained a higher absolute risk value than that of the MR portfolio because of an inefficient benchmark. In HV, the benchmark replicated risk portfolio favoured intermediate maturity treasury bills. Originality/value - There is a dearth of literature exploring the performance of active portfolios subject to TE constraints. This work addresses this gap and demonstrates, for the first time, the relative portfolio performance of several standard portfolio choices on the frontier.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan Frederick Hausner & Gary van Vuuren, 2021. "Portfolio performance under tracking error and benchmark volatility constraints," Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 26(51), pages 94-111, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jefasp:jefas-06-2019-0099
    DOI: 10.1108/JEFAS-06-2019-0099
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Philippe Bertrand, 2005. "A note on portfolio performance attribution: Taking risk into account," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(6), pages 428-437, April.
    2. Michael Maxwell & Michael Daly & Daniel Thomson & Gary van Vuuren, 2018. "Optimizing tracking error-constrained portfolios," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(54), pages 5846-5858, November.
    3. Merton, Robert C., 1972. "An Analytic Derivation of the Efficient Portfolio Frontier," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 7(4), pages 1851-1872, September.
    4. Robert E. Hall, 2010. "Why Does the Economy Fall to Pieces after a Financial Crisis?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 24(4), pages 3-20, Fall.
    5. Nadima El-Hassan & Paul Kofman, 2003. "Tracking Error and Active Portfolio Management," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 28(2), pages 183-207, September.
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