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A highway alignment optimization model using geographic information systems

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  • Jha, Manoj K.
  • Schonfeld, Paul

Abstract

Highway alignment optimization based on cost minimization requires comprehensive formulation of costs sensitive to alignment and development of efficient solution algorithms. The complexity of the applicable cost functions severely limits the search algorithms that can be employed. Recently, genetic algorithms, which can search very effectively through complex spaces with huge numbers of local optima, have been successfully developed for highway alignment optimization. However, in order to solve real-world problems the optimization algorithms should work directly with a Geographic Information System (GIS) which stores relevant geographic information, such as land boundaries, environmentally sensitive regions, and topographic data. This paper presents a model for highway alignment optimization that integrates a GIS with genetic algorithms, examines the effects of various costs on alignment selection, and explores optimization in constrained spaces that realistically reflect the limits on road improvement projects. The paper integrates several previously published developments and adds some new analysis approaches. A real-world problem using a GIS database for Maryland is solved using the proposed method. An example using an artificial map to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed model in mountainous terrain is also demonstrated. The results indicate that travel-time cost, which is often neglected by highway agencies in selecting alignments, significantly affects the alignment optimization. Computation time increases significantly with the number of properties affected by each alignment. The model can optimize alignments in mountainous terrain or regions with very complex geography.

Suggested Citation

  • Jha, Manoj K. & Schonfeld, Paul, 2004. "A highway alignment optimization model using geographic information systems," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 455-481, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:38:y:2004:i:6:p:455-481
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dan Trietsch, 1987. "Comprehensive Design of Highway Networks," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(1), pages 26-35, February.
    2. Dan Trietsch, 1987. "A Family of Methods for Preliminary Highway Alignment," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(1), pages 17-25, February.
    3. Jong, Jyh-Cherng & Schonfeld, Paul, 2003. "An evolutionary model for simultaneously optimizing three-dimensional highway alignments," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 107-128, February.
    4. Dan Trietsch & Gabriel Y. Handler, 1985. "On Highway Fuel and Time Expenditures," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 19(3), pages 293-307, August.
    5. Thomson, N. R. & Sykes, J. F., 1988. "Route selection through a dynamic ice field using the maximum principle," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 339-356, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Santos, Lui­s & Coutinho-Rodrigues, João & Current, John R., 2008. "Implementing a multi-vehicle multi-route spatial decision support system for efficient trash collection in Portugal," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 922-934, July.
    2. Eungcheol Kim & Myungseob (Edward) Kim & Gabrielle Delos & Tyler Clark, 2019. "Post-Construction Alignment Revision in Direct-Fixation Railroad Tracks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-14, November.
    3. Hao Pu & Jia Xie & Paul Schonfeld & Taoran Song & Wei Li & Jie Wang & Jianping Hu, 2021. "Railway Alignment Optimization in Mountainous Regions Considering Spatial Geological Hazards: A Sustainable Safety Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-22, February.
    4. Kim, Eungcheol & Jha, Manoj K. & Son, Bongsoo, 2005. "Improving the computational efficiency of highway alignment optimization models through a stepwise genetic algorithms approach," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 339-360, May.
    5. Mohammad Mahanpoor & Saeed Monajjem & Vahid Balali, 2019. "Sustainable Highway Maintenance: Optimization of Existing Highway Vertical Alignment Considering Pavement Condition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    6. Mukund Pratap Singh & Pitam Singh & Priyamvada Singh, 2019. "Fuzzy AHP-based multi-criteria decision-making analysis for route alignment planning using geographic information system (GIS)," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 395-432, September.
    7. Pushak, Yasha & Hare, Warren & Lucet, Yves, 2016. "Multiple-path selection for new highway alignments using discrete algorithms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(2), pages 415-427.
    8. Davis, Coray & Jha, Manoj K., 2011. "A dynamic modeling approach to investigate impacts to protected and low-income populations in highway planning," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 45(7), pages 598-610, August.

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