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Measuring season ticket holder satisfaction: Rationale, scale development and longitudinal validation

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  • McDonald, Heath
  • Karg, Adam J.
  • Vocino, Andrea

Abstract

Season tickets are examples of sports subscription products, research into which is very limited. Given the nature of subscription markets, there is sufficient reason to expect that the relationship between service quality, satisfaction and renewal might operate differently from transactional markets. This paper seeks to address this deficiency in the research by developing and verifying a scale that identifies and measures the components of professional sport club season ticket packages that are most influential on buyer satisfaction. Survey data were collected over three consecutive years from season ticket holders (STHs) supporting the same team. Three research phases were undertaken using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to develop and refine the scale, and a stage of longitudinal modelling to explore levels of invariance within the scale over multiple years. The result is a 19-item scale measuring overall satisfaction as well as five key constructs by which STHs assess the season ticket package: service, home ground, on-field performance, club administration, and personal involvement. The scale provides a parsimonious and robust measure by which sport teams can identify the most effective way to manage STHs’ attitudes towards their subscription products, regardless of fluctuations in on-field performance or playing personnel.

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  • McDonald, Heath & Karg, Adam J. & Vocino, Andrea, 2013. "Measuring season ticket holder satisfaction: Rationale, scale development and longitudinal validation," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 41-53.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:spomar:v:16:y:2013:i:1:p:41-53
    DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2012.05.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mansfield, Aaron C. & Delia, Elizabeth B. & Katz, Matthew, 2020. "The blurry spectrums of team identity threat," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 414-427.
    2. McDonald, Heath & Karg, Adam J., 2014. "Managing co-creation in professional sports: The antecedents and consequences of ritualized spectator behavior," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 292-309.
    3. Funk, Daniel C., 2017. "Introducing a Sport Experience Design (SX) framework for sport consumer behaviour research," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 145-158.
    4. Dominik Schreyer & Sascha L. Schmidt & Benno Torgler, 2019. "Football Spectator No-Show Behavior," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 20(4), pages 580-602, May.
    5. Agha, Nola & Tyler, B. David, 2017. "An investigation of highly identified fans who bet against their favorite teams," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 296-308.
    6. Christopher Huth & Markus Kurscheidt, 2022. "Season Ticketing as a Risk Management Tool in Professional Team Sports: A Pricing Analysis of German Soccer and Basketball," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, September.
    7. Samuel López-Carril & María Huertas González-Serrano & Ferran Calabuig-Moreno & Vicente Añó & Christos Anagnostopoulos, 2021. "Development and Preliminary Validation of Social Media as an Educational and Professional Tool Student Perceptions Scale (SMEPT-SPS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Doyle, Jason P. & Lock, Daniel & Funk, Daniel C. & Filo, Kevin & McDonald, Heath, 2017. "‘I was there from the start’: The identity-maintenance strategies used by fans to combat the threat of losing," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 184-197.
    9. Biscaia, Rui & Ross, Stephen & Yoshida, Masayuki & Correia, Abel & Rosado, António & Marôco, João, 2016. "Investigating the role of fan club membership on perceptions of team brand equity in football," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 157-170.
    10. Inoue, Yuhei & Funk, Daniel C. & McDonald, Heath, 2017. "Predicting behavioral loyalty through corporate social responsibility: The mediating role of involvement and commitment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 46-56.

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