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Neighborhood drug markets: A risk environment for bacterial sexually transmitted infections among urban youth

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  • Jennings, Jacky M.
  • Taylor, Ralph B.
  • Salhi, Rama A.
  • Furr-Holden, C. Debra M.
  • Ellen, Jonathan M.

Abstract

We hypothesized that neighborhoods with drug markets, as compared to those without, have a greater concentration of infected sex partners, i.e. core transmitters, and that in these areas, there is an increased risk environment for STIs. This study determined if neighborhood drug markets were associated with a high-risk sex partnership and, separately, with a current bacterial STI (chlamydia and/or gonorrhea) after controlling for individual demographic and sexual risk factors among a household sample of young people in Baltimore City, MD. Analyses also tested whether links were independent of neighborhood socioeconomic status. Data for this study were collected from a household study, systematic social observations and police arrest, public health STI surveillance and U.S. census data. Nonlinear multilevel models showed that living in neighborhoods with household survey-reported drug markets increased the likelihood of having a high-risk sex partnership after controlling for individual-level demographic factors and illicit drug use and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Further, living in neighborhoods with survey-reported drug markets increased the likelihood of having a current bacterial STI after controlling for individual-level demographic and sexual risk factors and neighborhood socioeconomic status. The results suggest that local conditions in neighborhoods with drug markets may play an important role in setting-up risk environments for high-risk sex partnerships and bacterial STIs. Patterns observed appeared dependent on the type of drug market indicator used. Future studies should explore how conditions in areas with local drug markets may alter sexual networks structures and whether specific types of drug markets are particularly important in determining STI risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennings, Jacky M. & Taylor, Ralph B. & Salhi, Rama A. & Furr-Holden, C. Debra M. & Ellen, Jonathan M., 2012. "Neighborhood drug markets: A risk environment for bacterial sexually transmitted infections among urban youth," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(8), pages 1240-1250.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:74:y:2012:i:8:p:1240-1250
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.040
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saxe, L. & Kadushin, C. & Beveridge, A. & Livert, D. & Tighe, E. & Rindskopf, D. & Ford, J. & Brodsky, A., 2001. "The visibility of illicit drugs: Implications for community-based drug control strategies," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(12), pages 1987-1994.
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    5. Adimora, A.A. & Schoenbach, V.J. & Doherty, I.A., 2007. "Concurrent sexual partnerships among men in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(12), pages 2230-2237.
    6. Hamers, F.F. & Peterman, T.A. & Zaidi, A.A. & Ransom, R.L. & Wroten, J.E. & Witte, J.J., 1995. "Syphilis and gonorrhea in Miami: Similar clustering, different trends," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(8), pages 1104-1108.
    7. Ellen, J.M. & Kohn, R.P. & Bolan, G.A. & Shiboski, S. & Krieger, N., 1995. "Socioeconomic differences in sexually transmitted disease rates among Black and White adolescents, San Francisco, 1990 to 1992," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(11), pages 1546-1548.
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    1. Brantley, Meredith & Schumacher, Christina & Fields, Errol L. & Perin, Jamie & Safi, Amelia Greiner & Ellen, Jonathan M. & Muvva, Ravikiran & Chaulk, Patrick & Jennings, Jacky M., 2017. "The network structure of sex partner meeting places reported by HIV-infected MSM: Opportunities for HIV targeted control," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 20-29.
    2. Jeffrey M. Switchenko & Jacky M. Jennings & Lance A. Waller, 2020. "Exploring spatially varying demographic associations with gonorrhea incidence in Baltimore, Maryland, 2002–2005," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 201-216, April.
    3. Jennings, Jacky M. & Hensel, Devon J. & Tanner, Amanda E. & Reilly, Meredith L. & Ellen, Jonathan M., 2014. "Are social organizational factors independently associated with a current bacterial sexually transmitted infection among urban adolescents and young adults?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 52-60.

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