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Unemployment and self-rated health: Neighborhood influence

Author

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  • Giatti, Luana
  • Barreto, Sandhi M.
  • César, Cibele C.

Abstract

This work contributes to the study of the relationship between health, work and context by investigating the interaction between them in Brazil, a country with great social inequalities. It investigates whether unemployment and socioeconomic characteristics of the neighborhoods in which people live are associated with poor self-rated health after adjustment for individual sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors and health status. Moreover, it tests whether living in an area of socioeconomic deprivation modifies the association between unemployment and self-rated health. The study involved participants whose ages ranged from 15 up to 64 years, and who lived in four Brazilian cities included in the National Household Survey on Risk Behaviors and Reported Morbidity from Non-Communicable Diseases, carried out by the Ministry of Health in 2002/2003. Data from the 2000 Brazilian Population Census were used to calculate two neighborhood socioeconomic indicators: the proportion of householders with low income, a compositional variable of individual level characteristics, and residing in slums, a contextual variable not captured by individual properties. Logistic regression analysis was estimated by Generalized Estimating Equations. Of the 6426 participants, 20.6% reported poor self-rated health. Unemployment as well as residing in slums or in low income household areas were significantly associated with poor self-rated health. The magnitudes of these associations were attenuated after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors and other health status indicators. However, the association between unemployment and poor self-rated health was not modified by neighborhood socioeconomic indicators. Results confirm the association between unemployment and poor self-rated health, regardless of the personal or contextual characteristics studied here. Similarly, they show a clear independent association between self-rated health and neighborhood context. Even so, they do not show that the neighborhood contexts investigated modify the associations between unemployment and poor self-rated health.

Suggested Citation

  • Giatti, Luana & Barreto, Sandhi M. & César, Cibele C., 2010. "Unemployment and self-rated health: Neighborhood influence," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(4), pages 815-823, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:71:y:2010:i:4:p:815-823
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    2. Masood Gheasi & Noriko Ishikawa & Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp, 2019. "A meta-analysis of human health differences in urban and rural environments," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 167-186, December.
    3. Marie-Josée Fleury & André Ngamini Ngui & Jean-Marie Bamvita & Guy Grenier & Jean Caron, 2014. "Predictors of Healthcare Service Utilization for Mental Health Reasons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-28, October.
    4. Ivan Cipin & Sime Smolic, 2013. "Socio-Economic Determinants of Health in Croatia: Insights from Four Cross-Sectional Surveys," Croatian Economic Survey, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb, vol. 15(1), pages 25-60, April.
    5. Sime Smolic, 2017. "The determinants of health among the population aged 50 and over: evidence from Croatia," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 41(1), pages 85-108.
    6. Guillaume Airagnes & Cédric Lemogne & Pierre Meneton & Marie Plessz & Marcel Goldberg & Nicolas Hoertel & Yves Roquelaure & Frédéric Limosin & Marie Zins, 2019. "Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use are associated with job loss at follow-up: Findings from the CONSTANCES cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, September.
    7. Sime Smolic & Ivan Cipin & Petra Medimurec, 2020. "How is health associated with employment during later working life in Croatia?," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 44(1), pages 99-116.
    8. Tuulia Varanka-Ruuska & Nina Rautio & Heli Lehtiniemi & Jouko Miettunen & Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi & Sylvain Sebert & Leena Ala-Mursula, 2018. "The association of unemployment with glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(4), pages 435-446, May.
    9. Minelli, Liliana & Pigini, Claudia & Chiavarini, Manuela & Bartolucci, Francesco, 2014. "Employment status and perceived health condition: longitudinal data from Italy," MPRA Paper 55788, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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