IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v67y2008i10p1596-1603.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Long-term effects of organized violence on young Middle Eastern refugees' mental health

Author

Listed:
  • Montgomery, Edith

Abstract

The pre- and post-displacement factors associated with psychological problems among young refugees are not clear. From the existing research it appears that refugee children and adolescents are vulnerable to the effects of pre-migration exposure to trauma, but the long-term effects of such exposure are mediated by certain risk and protective factors at the individual, family and community level. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of traumatic experiences before emigration, as well as social life after immigration, on the mental health of young Middle Eastern refugees 8-9 years after immigration into Denmark. The study group comprises 131 young refugees (76 girls and 55 boys; mean age 15.3 years) from 67 families. They were assessed in 2000-2001 as part of a follow-up study of 311 children, who in 1992-1993 were consecutively registered in Denmark as asylum seekers with at least one parent. Predictors of more externalizing behaviour were: witnessing attack on others after arrival, more schools attended, less attending school or work, lower mother's education in the home country and lower age. Predictors of more internalizing behaviour were: numbers of types of traumatic events before arrival, numbers of types of stressful events after arrival, and numbers of types of experiences of discrimination, lower mother's education in the home country, fewer Danish friends, not Muslim or Christian religion, less Danish proficiency and female gender. It is concluded that aspects of social life in Denmark, including mother's education and indicators of adaptation, as well as a stressful life context in exile, including discrimination, predicted psychological problems 8-9 years after arrival, more than traumatic experiences before arrival. Thus, the prevention of psychopathology in young refugees depends to a large extent on the political will to make provision for the necessary changes regarding reception and treatment of refugees.

Suggested Citation

  • Montgomery, Edith, 2008. "Long-term effects of organized violence on young Middle Eastern refugees' mental health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(10), pages 1596-1603, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:67:y:2008:i:10:p:1596-1603
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277-9536(08)00386-9
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bean, Tammy M. & Eurelings-Bontekoe, Elisabeth & Spinhoven, Philip, 2007. "Course and predictors of mental health of unaccompanied refugee minors in the Netherlands: One year follow-up," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(6), pages 1204-1215, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sophie Yohani, 2015. "Applying the ADAPT Psychosocial Model to War-Affected Children and Adolescents," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(3), pages 21582440156, September.
    2. Macarena Vallejo-Martín & Ana Sánchez Sancha & Jesús M. Canto, 2021. "Refugee Women with a History of Trauma: Gender Vulnerability in Relation to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Mauro Braca & Domenico Berardi & Elisa Mencacci & Martino Belvederi Murri & Stefano Mimmi & Fabio Allegri & Fausto Mazzi & Marco Menchetti & Ilaria Tarricone, 2014. "Understanding psychopathology in migrants: A mixed categorical-dimensional approach," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 60(3), pages 243-253, May.
    4. María Alejandra Chávez Báez, 2021. "The legacy of violence: building or destroying trust? Evidence from Colombia's La Violencia," Documentos CEDE 19558, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    5. O'Toole Thommessen, Sara Amalie & Todd, Brenda K., 2018. "How do refugee children experience their new situation in England and Denmark? Implications for educational policy and practice," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 228-238.
    6. Nicole Hynek & Arleta Franczukowska & Lydia Rössl & Günther Schreder & Anna Faustmann & Eva Krczal & Isabella Skrivanek & Isolde Sommer & Lukas Zenk, 2020. "A System Model of Post-Migration Risk Factors Affecting the Mental Health of Unaccompanied Minor Refugees in Austria—A Multi-Step Modeling Process Involving Expert Knowledge from Science and Practice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-17, July.
    7. Miller, Kenneth E. & Rasmussen, Andrew, 2010. "War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 7-16, January.
    8. O'Donnell, Alexander W. & Stuart, Jaimee & O'Donnell, Karlee J., 2020. "The long-term financial and psychological resettlement outcomes of pre-migration trauma and post-settlement difficulties in resettled refugees," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    9. Lynne McCormack & Brigitta Tapp, 2019. "Violation and hope: Refugee survival in childhood and beyond," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 65(2), pages 169-179, March.
    10. Gervais, Christine & Côté, Isabel & Pomerleau, Andréanne & Tardif-Grenier, Kristel & de Montigny, Francine & Trottier-Cyr, Renée-Pier, 2021. "Children’s views on their migratory journey: The importance of meaning for better adaptation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    11. Selcuk Besir Demir & Volkan Ozgul, 2019. "Syrian Refugees Minors in Turkey. Why and how are they Discriminated Against and Ostracized?," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(6), pages 1989-2011, December.
    12. O'Toole Thommessen, Sara Amalie & Corcoran, Paula & Todd, Brenda K., 2017. "Voices rarely heard: Personal construct assessments of Sub-Saharan unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee youth in England," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 293-300.
    13. John Walker & Daniyal Zuberi, 2020. "School-Aged Syrian Refugees Resettling in Canada: Mitigating the Effect of Pre-migration Trauma and Post-migration Discrimination on Academic Achievement and Psychological Well-Being," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 397-411, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nicole Hynek & Arleta Franczukowska & Lydia Rössl & Günther Schreder & Anna Faustmann & Eva Krczal & Isabella Skrivanek & Isolde Sommer & Lukas Zenk, 2020. "A System Model of Post-Migration Risk Factors Affecting the Mental Health of Unaccompanied Minor Refugees in Austria—A Multi-Step Modeling Process Involving Expert Knowledge from Science and Practice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Siegel, M. & Buil, C., 2014. "Afghan unaccompanied minors in the Netherlands: Far away from home and protected?," MERIT Working Papers 2014-037, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    3. Van Holen, Frank & Blijkers, Cindy & Trogh, Lenny & West, Delphine & Vanderfaeillie, Johan, 2020. "Unaccompanied children in Flemish family foster care. Prevalence and associated factors of placement breakdown," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    4. Rip, Jet & Zijlstra, Elianne & Post, Wendy & Kalverboer, Margrite & Knorth, Erik J., 2020. "Cultural matching factors, child factors and fostering factors associated with successful foster placement: An explorative study into the perspectives of unaccompanied refugee children, their foster c," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    5. Pastoor, Lutine de Wal, 2015. "The mediational role of schools in supporting psychosocial transitions among unaccompanied young refugees upon resettlement in Norway," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 245-254.
    6. Celikaksoy, Aycan & Wadensjö, Eskil, 2016. "Mapping Experiences and Research about Unaccompanied Refugee Minors in Sweden and Other Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 10143, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Xavier Alarcón & Magdalena Bobowik & Òscar Prieto-Flores, 2021. "Mentoring for Improving the Self-Esteem, Resilience, and Hope of Unaccompanied Migrant Youth in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-25, May.
    8. Hornfeck, Fabienne & Sowade, Clara & Bovenschen, Ina, 2022. "Effects of the asylum process on the mental health of unaccompanied young refugees – A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    9. Thommessen, S. & Laghi, F. & Cerrone, C. & Baiocco, R. & Todd, B.K., 2013. "Internalizing and externalizing symptoms among unaccompanied refugee and Italian adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 7-10.
    10. Van Holen, Frank & Dewilde, Isabel & Trogh, Lenny & Verheyden, Camille & Vanderfaeillie, Johan, 2021. "Prevalence and associated factors of placement breakdown of unaccompanied children in Flemish family foster care. A follow-up study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    11. Crea, Thomas M. & Lopez, Anayeli & Taylor, Theresa & Underwood, Dawnya, 2017. "Unaccompanied migrant children in the United States: Predictors of placement stability in long term foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 93-99.
    12. Wade, Jim, 2011. "Preparation and transition planning for unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee young people: A review of evidence in England," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(12), pages 2424-2430.
    13. Karin Haar & Aala El-Khani & Riccardo Lodi & Valentina Molin & Annalisa Pelosi & Ali Yassine & Giovanna Campello & Wadih Maalouf, 2023. "Assessing the Efficacy of a Brief Universal Family Skills Programme on Violence and Substance-Use Indicators in Youth in Trentino and Parma, Italy: Study Protocol for a Multi-Centre, Non-Blinded, Clus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(16), pages 1-18, August.
    14. Van Holen, Frank & Verberckmoes, Lobke & Trogh, Lenny & West, Delphine & Vanderfaeillie, Johan, 2023. "Placement breakdown in Flemish family foster care for unaccompanied refugee minors. Experiences of non-kinship foster parents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    15. Padyab, Mojgan & Eriksson, Malin & Ghazinour, Mehdi & Lundgren, Lena, 2020. "Unaccompanied minors and court mandated institutional care: A national registry-based study in Sweden," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    16. Rip, Jet & Zijlstra, Elianne & Post, Wendy & Kalverboer, Margrite & Knorth, Erik J., 2020. "‘It can never be as perfect as home’: An explorative study into the fostering experiences of unaccompanied refugee children, their foster carers and social workers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    17. Van Holen, Frank & Trogh, Lenny & West, Delphine & Meys, Nina & Vanderfaeillie, Johan, 2019. "Concept mapping the needs of Flemish nonkinship foster parents who care for unaccompanied refugee minors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 84-92.
    18. Manuela Stranges & François-Charles Wolff, 2019. "Does Entrance With Family Influence The Way Minors Leave A Refugee Centre?," Working Papers 201903, Università della Calabria, Dipartimento di Economia, Statistica e Finanza "Giovanni Anania" - DESF.
    19. Milos Maksimovic & Dusan Backovic & Jadranka Maksimovic & Radojka Kocijancic, 2011. "Socio-economic status and psychosocial functioning of internally displaced adolescents and adolescents from Belgrade," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 56(3), pages 305-310, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:67:y:2008:i:10:p:1596-1603. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.