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A comparison of health inequalities in urban and rural Scotland

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  • Levin, Kate A.
  • Leyland, Alastair H.

Abstract

Previous research suggests that there are significant differences in health between urban and rural areas. Health inequalities between the deprived and affluent in Scotland have been rising over time. The aim of this study was to examine health inequalities between deprived and affluent areas of Scotland for differing ruralities and look at how these have changed over time. Postcode sectors in Scotland were ranked by deprivation and the 20% most affluent and 20% most deprived areas were found using the Carstairs indicator and male unemployment. Scotland was then split into 4 rurality types. Ratios of health status between the most deprived and most affluent areas were investigated using all cause mortality for the Scottish population, 1979-2001. These were calculated over time for 1979-1983, 1989-1993, 1998-2001. Multilevel Poisson modelling was carried out for all of Scotland excluding Grampian to assess inequalities in the population. There was an increase in inequalities between 1981 and 2001, which was greatest in remote rural Scotland for both males and females; however, male health inequalities remained higher in urban areas throughout this period. In 2001 female health inequalities were higher in remote rural areas than urban areas. Health inequalities amongst the elderly (age 65+) in 2001 were greater in remote rural Scotland than urban areas for both males and females.

Suggested Citation

  • Levin, Kate A. & Leyland, Alastair H., 2006. "A comparison of health inequalities in urban and rural Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(6), pages 1457-1464, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:62:y:2006:i:6:p:1457-1464
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    1. Levin, K.A. & Dundas, R. & Miller, M. & McCartney, G., 2014. "Socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in adolescent smoking: A multilevel cross-sectional study of 15 year olds in Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 162-170.
    2. Gartner, Andrea & Farewell, Daniel & Roach, Paul & Dunstan, Frank, 2011. "Rural/urban mortality differences in England and Wales and the effect of deprivation adjustment," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(10), pages 1685-1694, May.
    3. Mikolai, Júlia & Dorey, Peter & Keenan, Katherine & Kulu, Hill, 2023. "Spatial patterns of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 mortality across waves of infection in England, Wales, and Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).
    4. repec:asg:wpaper:1020 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Karner, Anne M. & Dorfman, Jeffrey H., 2012. "Retiree Migration: Considerations of Amenity and Health Access Drivers," 2012 Annual Meeting, August 12-14, 2012, Seattle, Washington 124606, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Jinfeng Zhao & Shanthi Ameratunga & Arier Lee & Michael Browne & Daniel J. Exeter, 2019. "Developing a New Index of Rurality for Exploring Variations in Health Outcomes in Auckland and Northland," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(2), pages 955-980, July.
    7. repec:asg:wpaper:1042 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Riva, Mylene & Curtis, Sarah & Gauvin, Lise & Fagg, James, 2009. "Unravelling the extent of inequalities in health across urban and rural areas: Evidence from a national sample in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(4), pages 654-663, February.

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