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Socioeconomic differentials in mortality risk among men screened for the multiple risk factor intervention trial: I. White men

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  • Smith, G.D.
  • Neaton, J.D.
  • Wentworth, D.
  • Stamler, R.
  • Stamler, J.

Abstract

Objectives. This study examined socioeconomic differentials in risk of death from a number of specific causes in a large cohort of White men in the United States. Methods. For 300 685 White men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial between 1973 and 1975, data were collected on median income of White households in the zip code of residence, age, cigarette smoking, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, previous myocardial infarction, and drug treatment for diabetes. The 31 737 deaths that occurred over the 16-year follow-up period were grouped into specific causes and related to median White family income. Results. There was an inverse association between age-adjusted all-cause mortality and median family income. There was no attenuation of this association over the follow-up period, and the association was similar for the 22 clinical centers carrying out the screening. The gradient was seen for many-but not all-of the specific causes of death. Other risk factors accounted for some of the association between income and coronary heart disease and smoking-related cancers. Conclusions. Socioeconomic position, as measured by median family income of area of residence, is an important determinant of mortality risk in White men.

Suggested Citation

  • Smith, G.D. & Neaton, J.D. & Wentworth, D. & Stamler, R. & Stamler, J., 1996. "Socioeconomic differentials in mortality risk among men screened for the multiple risk factor intervention trial: I. White men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 86(4), pages 486-496.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1996:86:4:486-496_2
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    Cited by:

    1. Rainham, Daniel, 2007. "Do differences in health make a difference? A review for health policymakers," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(2-3), pages 123-132, December.
    2. Laurent Chenet & David Leon & Martin Mckee & Serguei Vassin, 1998. "Deaths from Alcohol and Violence in Moscow: Socio-economic Determinants," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 14(1), pages 19-37, March.
    3. L. Di Matteo & R. Di Matteo, 2005. "Does testing for prostate-specific antigen contribute to declining prostate cancer mortality?," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 6(4), pages 298-308, December.
    4. Craig, Neil, 2005. "Exploring the generalisability of the association between income inequality and self-assessed health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(11), pages 2477-2488, June.
    5. Frances Stewart, 2003. "Income distribution and development," Chapters, in: John Toye (ed.), Trade and Development, chapter 10, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    6. Megan Teychenne & Kylie Ball & Jo Salmon, 2012. "Educational Inequalities in Women’s Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Perceived Neighbourhood Characteristics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-13, November.
    7. Mr. Michael Sarel, 1997. "How Macroeconomic Factors Affect Income Distribution: The Cross-Country Evidence," IMF Working Papers 1997/152, International Monetary Fund.
    8. Lohan, Maria, 2007. "How might we understand men's health better? Integrating explanations from critical studies on men and inequalities in health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(3), pages 493-504, August.
    9. Jennifer Boyd & Clare Bambra & Robin C. Purshouse & John Holmes, 2021. "Beyond Behaviour: How Health Inequality Theory Can Enhance Our Understanding of the ‘Alcohol-Harm Paradox’," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, June.
    10. McGrath, Jennifer J. & Matthews, Karen A. & Brady, Sonya S., 2006. "Individual versus neighborhood socioeconomic status and race as predictors of adolescent ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1442-1453, September.
    11. Levin, Kate A. & Leyland, Alastair H., 2006. "A comparison of health inequalities in urban and rural Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(6), pages 1457-1464, March.
    12. Kim, Jae-Hyun & Lee, Sang Gyu & Shin, Jaeyong & Park, Eun-Cheol, 2014. "Impact of the gap between socioeconomic stratum and subjective social class on depressive symptoms: Unique insights from a longitudinal analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 49-56.

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