IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v336y2023ics0277953623005695.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Access to emergency care in Egypt: Tiered health care and manifestations of inequity

Author

Listed:
  • Shokr, Hisham
  • Rishworth, Andrea
  • Wilson, Kathi

Abstract

Market-driven health care reforms and development strategies continue to drive the privatization of health care services across the world. When these measures are implemented, large disparities emerge and are maintained. Using a modified version of the access to care framework developed by Penchansky and Thomas, this paper examines the manifestations of inequity between private for-profit and public emergency care in the Greater Cairo Region and Asyut, Egypt. In-depth interviews with physicians working in both sectors reveals stark disparities in access between these two health care sectors in Egypt. Access issues identified include unaffordable care in the private sector, unavailable medical supplies and overcrowding in public hospitals, as well as a salary gap that drives health care workers from public to private practice, creating staffing shortages in public hospitals. The manifestations of these inequities are often severe, usually tangible, and according to health care providers, embodied in the experiences of service users.

Suggested Citation

  • Shokr, Hisham & Rishworth, Andrea & Wilson, Kathi, 2023. "Access to emergency care in Egypt: Tiered health care and manifestations of inequity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:336:y:2023:i:c:s0277953623005695
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116212
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953623005695
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116212?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yount, Kathryn M. & Agree, Emily M. & Rebellon, Cesar, 2004. "Gender and use of health care among older adults in Egypt and Tunisia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 59(12), pages 2479-2497, December.
    2. Lane, Sandra D. & Madut Jok, Jok & El-Mouelhy, Mawaheb T., 1998. "Buying safety: The economics of reproductive risk and abortion in Egypt," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 47(8), pages 1089-1099, October.
    3. Randa Alami, 2017. "Health Financing Systems, Health Equity and Universal Health Coverage in Arab Countries," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 48(1), pages 146-179, January.
    4. Ahmed Rashad & Mesbah Sharaf, 2015. "Catastrophic and Impoverishing Effects of Out-Of-Pocket Health Expenditure: New Evidence from Egypt," Working Papers 974, Economic Research Forum, revised Nov 2015.
    5. Satinsky, Emily & Fuhr, Daniela C. & Woodward, Aniek & Sondorp, Egbert & Roberts, Bayard, 2019. "Mental health care utilisation and access among refugees and asylum seekers in Europe: A systematic review," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(9), pages 851-863.
    6. Mariz Tadros, 2006. "State welfare in Egypt since adjustment: Hegemonic control with a minimalist role," Review of African Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(108), pages 237-254, June.
    7. Lenka Benova & Oona M R Campbell & George B Ploubidis, 2014. "Socio-Economic Gradients in Maternal and Child Health-Seeking Behaviours in Egypt: Systematic Literature Review and Evidence Synthesis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-12, March.
    8. Ziad Koussa, 2023. "Revolution, Change, and Democratic Transition in Egypt Since 2011: A Critical Political Economy Approach," Contemporary Review of the Middle East, , vol. 10(2), pages 165-187, June.
    9. Flood, Colleen M. & Thomas, Bryan, 2018. "A successful Charter challenge to medicare? Policy options for Canadian provincial governments," Health Economics, Policy and Law, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(3-4), pages 433-449, July.
    10. Ahmed Yehia Khalifa & Jean Yacoub Jabbour & Awad Mataria & Magdy Bakr & Mai Farid & Inke Mathauer, 2022. "Purchasing health services under the Egypt's new Universal Health Insurance law: What are the implications for universal health coverage?," International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 619-631, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmed Shoukry Rashad & Mesbah Fathy Sharaf, 2015. "Who Benefits from Public Healthcare Subsidies in Egypt?," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Anshul Kastor & Sanjay K Mohanty, 2018. "Disease-specific out-of-pocket and catastrophic health expenditure on hospitalization in India: Do Indian households face distress health financing?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(5), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Fatin Atrooz & Sally Mohammad Aljararwah & Tzuan A. Chen & Omar F. Khabour & Samina Salim, 2023. "Understanding Mental Health Status of Syrian Refugee and Jordanian Women: Novel Insights from a Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Mesbah Fathy Sharaf & Ahmed Shoukry Rashad, 2018. "Socioeconomic Inequalities in Infant Mortality in Egypt: Analyzing Trends Between 1995 and 2014," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 137(3), pages 1185-1199, June.
    5. Andrea Tortelli & Florence Perquier & Maria Melchior & François Lair & Fabien Encatassamy & Chloé Masson & Hélène K’ourio & Raphaël Gourevitch & Alain Mercuel, 2020. "Mental Health and Service Use of Migrants in Contact with the Public Psychiatry System in Paris," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Sanjay K. Mohanty & Anshul Kastor, 2017. "Out-of-pocket expenditure and catastrophic health spending on maternal care in public and private health centres in India: a comparative study of pre and post national health mission period," Health Economics Review, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Walther, Lena & Fuchs, Lukas M. & Schupp, Jürgen & Scheve, Christian von, 2020. "Living Conditions and the Mental Health and Well-being of Refugees : Evidence from a Large-Scale German Survey," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 22, pages 903-913.
    8. Lucas Sato & Nourjelha Mohamed, 2022. "The role of social insurance schemes in addressing the risks faced by agricultural workers in the Middle East and North Africa," Research Report 80, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    9. Catharina Zehetmair & Valentina Zeyher & Anna Cranz & Beate Ditzen & Sabine C. Herpertz & Rupert Maria Kohl & Christoph Nikendei, 2021. "A Walk-In Clinic for Newly Arrived Mentally Burdened Refugees: The Patient Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-16, February.
    10. Grace Crowley, 2023. "Comment on ‘Time for hard choices – a new global order for mental health’: Why migrants should no longer be ignored," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(1), pages 233-234, February.
    11. Sharaf, Mesbah & Rashad, Ahmed, 2016. "Economic and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Child Nutritional Status in Egypt: A Comprehensive Analysis using Quantile Regression Approach," Working Papers 2016-4, University of Alberta, Department of Economics.
    12. Robert Doričić & Marcin Orzechowski & Marianne Nowak & Ivana Tutić Grokša & Katarzyna Bielińska & Anna Chowaniec & Mojca Ramšak & Paweł Łuków & Amir Muzur & Zvonka Zupanič-Slavec & Florian Steger, 2021. "Diversity Competency and Access to Healthcare in Hospitals in Croatia, Germany, Poland, and Slovenia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-14, November.
    13. Aarethun, V. & Sandal, G.M. & Guribye, E. & Markova, V. & Bye, H.H., 2021. "Explanatory models and help-seeking for symptoms of PTSD and depression among Syrian refugees," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    14. McDaid, David & Park, A-La, 2023. "Making an economic argument for investment in global mental health: the case of conflict-affected refugees and displaced people," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118149, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    15. Ahmed Shoukry Rashad & Mesbah Fathy Sharaf, 2015. "Catastrophic Economic Consequences of Healthcare Payments: Effects on Poverty Estimates in Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine," Economies, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-19, November.
    16. Vannaral Than & Nastaran Doroud & Lisa O’Brien, 2024. "Mental health service utilization and help seeking behaviours of adult Cambodians living in Western countries: A systematic scoping review," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 70(4), pages 778-791, June.
    17. Ahmed Shoukry Rashad & Mesbah Fathy Sharaf, 2016. "Socio-Economic Inequalities in Maternity Care Under Political Instability: Evidence from Egypt, Jordan and Yemen," Working Papers 1011, Economic Research Forum, revised Jun 2016.
    18. Eva Spiritus-Beerden & An Verelst & Ines Devlieger & Nina Langer Primdahl & Fábio Botelho Guedes & Antonio Chiarenza & Stephanie De Maesschalck & Natalie Durbeej & Rocío Garrido & Margarida Gaspar de , 2021. "Mental Health of Refugees and Migrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Experienced Discrimination and Daily Stressors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-14, June.
    19. Michaela Hynie & Annie Jaimes & Anna Oda & Marjolaine Rivest-Beauregard & Laura Perez Gonzalez & Nicole Ives & Farah Ahmad & Ben C. H. Kuo & Neil Arya & Nimo Bokore & Kwame McKenzie, 2022. "Assessing Virtual Mental Health Access for Refugees during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the Levesque Client-Centered Framework: What Have We Learned and How Will We Plan for the Future?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-17, April.
    20. Karin Hugelius & Maya Semrau & Marie Holmefur, 2020. "Perceived Needs Among Asylum Seekers in Sweden: A Mixed Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-10, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:336:y:2023:i:c:s0277953623005695. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.