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The effects of social adversity, discrimination, and health risk behaviors on the accelerated aging of African Americans: Further support for the weathering hypothesis

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  • Simons, Ronald L.
  • Lei, Man-Kit
  • Klopack, Eric
  • Beach, Steven R.H.
  • Gibbons, Frederick X.
  • Philibert, Robert A.

Abstract

The weathering hypothesis views the elevated rates of illness, disability, and mortality seen among Black Americans as a physiological response to the structural barriers, material hardships, and identity threats that comprise the Black experience. While granting that lifestyle may have some significance, the fundamental explanation for heath inequalities is seen as race-related stressors that accelerate biological aging.

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  • Simons, Ronald L. & Lei, Man-Kit & Klopack, Eric & Beach, Steven R.H. & Gibbons, Frederick X. & Philibert, Robert A., 2021. "The effects of social adversity, discrimination, and health risk behaviors on the accelerated aging of African Americans: Further support for the weathering hypothesis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:282:y:2021:i:c:s0277953620303889
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113169
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Geronimus, A.T. & Hicken, M. & Keene, D. & Bound, J., 2006. ""Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(5), pages 826-833.
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    3. Gaddis, S. Michael, 2015. "Discrimination in the Credential Society: An Audit Study of Race and College Selectivity in the Labor Market," SocArXiv 6qjue, Center for Open Science.
    4. Aronow, Peter M. & Samii, Cyrus & Assenova, Valentina A., 2015. "Cluster–Robust Variance Estimation for Dyadic Data," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(4), pages 564-577.
    5. Pager, Devah & Western, Bruce & Bonikowski, Bart, 2009. "Discrimination in a Low-Wage Labor Market: A Field Experiment," IZA Discussion Papers 4469, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Simons, Ronald L. & Lei, Man Kit & Beach, Steven R.H. & Philibert, Robert A. & Cutrona, Carolyn E. & Gibbons, Frederick X. & Barr, Ashley, 2016. "Economic hardship and biological weathering: The epigenetics of aging in a U.S. sample of black women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 192-200.
    7. Mackenzie, Mhairi & Skivington, Kathryn & Fergie, Gillian, 2020. "“The state They're in”: Unpicking fantasy paradigms of health improvement interventions as tools for addressing health inequalities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jenkins, August I.C. & Surachman, Agus & Armendariz, Marina, 2024. "Where I'm Livin’ and How I'm Feelin’: Associations among community stress, gender, and mental-emotional health among Black Americans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    2. Simons, Ronald L. & Ong, Mei Ling & Lei, Man-Kit & Klopach, Eric & Berg, Mark & Zhang, Yue & Philibert, Robert & Gibbons, Frederick X. & Beach, Steven R.H., 2022. "Shifts in lifestyle and socioeconomic circumstances predict change—for better or worse—in speed of epigenetic aging: A study of middle-aged black women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    3. Eric T Klopack & Jessica Kelley, 2023. "Chronic Stress and Latent Virus Reactivation: Effects on Immune Aging, Chronic Disease Morbidity, and Mortality," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 78(10), pages 1707-1716.
    4. Lei, Man-Kit & Berg, Mark T. & Simons, Ronald L. & Beach, Steven R.H., 2022. "Neighborhood structural disadvantage and biological aging in a sample of Black middle age and young adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    5. Sadler, Richard C. & Wojciechowski, Thomas W. & Buchalski, Zachary & Smart, Mieka & Mulheron, Megan & Todem, David, 2022. "Validating a geospatial healthfulness index with self-reported chronic disease and health outcomes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    6. Jackson, Pamela & Spector, Antoinette L. & Strath, Larissa J. & Antoine, Lisa H. & Li, Peng & Goodin, Burel R. & Hidalgo, Bertha A. & Kempf, Mirjam-Colette & Gonzalez, Cesar E. & Jones, Alana C. & Fos, 2023. "Epigenetic age acceleration mediates the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and pain severity in adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis pain," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    7. Han Liu & Tse-Chuan Yang, 2022. "Examining the Reciprocity Between Perceived Discrimination and Health: A Longitudinal Perspective," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 41(4), pages 1757-1777, August.
    8. Berg, Mark T. & Rogers, Ethan M. & Riley, Kendall & Lei, Man-Kit & Simons, Ronald L., 2022. "Incarceration exposure and epigenetic aging in neighborhood context," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).

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