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Doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbines: A comprehensive review of fault ride-through strategies

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  • Justo, Jackson John
  • Mwasilu, Francis
  • Jung, Jin-Woo

Abstract

This paper presents an over-review of various strategies applied to enhance the fault ride-through (FRT) capability of the doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) based wind turbines (WTs) during transient-state. As the DFIG based WT system is sensitive to any grid disturbance, various FRT techniques based on: (i) installation of additional protection circuits, (ii) installation of reactive power injecting-devices and (iii) specific control approaches/structures have been proposed in the literature. Usually, the protection circuits or control structures are applied to limit the generated rotor over-current and undesirable dc-link over-voltage during grid disturbance. Meanwhile, the reactive power injecting-devices surpass any deficiency of the reactive power so as to improve the transient performance of the DFIG based WT and automatically bound the rotor current and the dc-link voltage. Actually, many research findings demonstrate an efficient protection of the DFIG without jeopardizing its operating strategy during transient-state. Therefore, this study focuses on emphasizing the present status of the rotor over-current and dc-link over-voltage protection solutions e.g. the crowbar and its related protection circuits, the reactive power injecting-devices such as the static synchronous compensators (STATCOM) and dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). Moreover, some control (modified) approaches/structures for limiting the inrush rotor currents which are based on linear and nonlinear control strategies are presented. Following the description of the overall system characteristics under steady-state and transient-state in the d–q axis, various protection strategies are extensively discussed to reveal their role to improve the FRT. Then, typical case studies are presented to demonstrate and support the reviewed FRT schemes. In that case, using the simulation results from the MATLAB/Simulink software the effectiveness of each case study during network faults are analyzed and compared.

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  • Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2015. "Doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbines: A comprehensive review of fault ride-through strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 447-467.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:45:y:2015:i:c:p:447-467
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.01.064
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    6. Ridha Cheikh & Hocine Belmili & Arezki Menacer & Said Drid & L. Chrifi-Alaoui, 2019. "Dynamic behavior analysis under a grid fault scenario of a 2 MW double fed induction generator-based wind turbine: comparative study of the reference frame orientation approach," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 10(4), pages 632-643, August.
    7. Moghadasi, Amirhasan & Sarwat, Arif & Guerrero, Josep M., 2016. "A comprehensive review of low-voltage-ride-through methods for fixed-speed wind power generators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 823-839.
    8. Ochoa, Danny & Martinez, Sergio, 2018. "Frequency dependent strategy for mitigating wind power fluctuations of a doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine based on virtual inertia control and blade pitch angle regulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 108-124.
    9. Mansouri, M.Mahdi & Nayeripour, Majid & Negnevitsky, Michael, 2016. "Internal electrical protection of wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 840-855.
    10. Muhammad Shahzad Nazir & Ahmed N Abdalla, 2020. "The robustness assessment of doubly fed induction generator-wind turbine during short circuit," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(4), pages 570-582, June.
    11. Shukla, Rishabh Dev & Tripathi, Ramesh Kumar & Thakur, Padmanabh, 2017. "DC grid/bus tied DFIG based wind energy system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 179-193.
    12. El-Kharashi, Eyhab & Farid, Azmy Wadie, 2015. "Accurate assessment of the output energy from the doubly fed induction generators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 406-415.
    13. Konstantinos Oureilidis & Kyriaki-Nefeli Malamaki & Konstantinos Gallos & Achilleas Tsitsimelis & Christos Dikaiakos & Spyros Gkavanoudis & Milos Cvetkovic & Juan Manuel Mauricio & Jose Maria Maza Ort, 2020. "Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-44, February.
    14. Zhang, Xinran & Lu, Chao & Liu, Shichao & Wang, Xiaoyu, 2016. "A review on wide-area damping control to restrain inter-area low frequency oscillation for large-scale power systems with increasing renewable generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 45-58.
    15. Tareen, Wajahat Ullah & Mekhilef, Saad & Seyedmahmoudian, Mehdi & Horan, Ben, 2017. "Active power filter (APF) for mitigation of power quality issues in grid integration of wind and photovoltaic energy conversion system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 635-655.
    16. Md. Rashidul Islam & Md. Najmul Huda & Jakir Hasan & Mohammad Ashraf Hossain Sadi & Ahmed AbuHussein & Tushar Kanti Roy & Md. Apel Mahmud, 2020. "Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of DFIG Based Wind Farm Using Nonlinear Controller Based Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-25, April.
    17. Bakdi, Azzeddine & Kouadri, Abdelmalek & Mekhilef, Saad, 2019. "A data-driven algorithm for online detection of component and system faults in modern wind turbines at different operating zones," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 546-555.
    18. Honrubia-Escribano, A. & Gómez-Lázaro, E. & Fortmann, J. & Sørensen, P. & Martin-Martinez, S., 2018. "Generic dynamic wind turbine models for power system stability analysis: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 1939-1952.

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