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Sustainability study of hydrogen pathways for fuel cell vehicle applications

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  • Hwang, Jenn-Jiang

Abstract

The present work has conducted a comprehensive life-cycle analysis of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission for various fuel/vehicles systems. Focus is placed on the hydrogen-based fuel cell vehicle (FCV) technology, while the gasoline vehicle (GV) equipped with an internal combustion engine (ICE) serves as a reference technology. A fuel-cycle model developed at Argonne National Laboratory, the GREET model, is employed to evaluate the well-to-wheels (WTW) energy and emissions impacts caused by various fuel/vehicle systems. Six potential hydrogen pathways using renewable and non-renewable energy sources are simulated, namely, steam reforming of natural gas and corn ethanol, water electrolysis using grid generation and solar electricity, and coal gasification with and without carbon sequestration. Results showed that the FCVs fuelled with solar electrolysis hydrogen have the greatest benefits in energy conservation and GHG emission reduction. However, by incorporating with the economic consideration, hydrogen from the natural gas reforming is likely to be the primary mode of production for the initial introduction of FCVs.

Suggested Citation

  • Hwang, Jenn-Jiang, 2013. "Sustainability study of hydrogen pathways for fuel cell vehicle applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 220-229.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:19:y:2013:i:c:p:220-229
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.033
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hwang, Jenn Jiang, 2012. "Review on development and demonstration of hydrogen fuel cell scooters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3803-3815.
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    3. Shapouri, Hosein & Duffield, James A. & Wang, Michael Q., 2002. "The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update," Agricultural Economic Reports 34075, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Boettner, Daisie D. & Moran, Michael J., 2004. "Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell-powered vehicle performance using direct-hydrogen fueling and on-board methanol reforming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(12), pages 2317-2330.
    5. Hwang, Jenn Jiang, 2010. "Sustainable transport strategy for promoting zero-emission electric scooters in Taiwan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(5), pages 1390-1399, June.
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