IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v178y2023ics1364032123000977.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Low-temperature thermal pre-treated sewage sludge for feeding of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Protein, lipid and biodiesel profile and characterization

Author

Listed:
  • Liew, Chin Seng
  • Mong, Guo Ren
  • Lim, Jun Wei
  • Raksasat, Ratchaprapa
  • Rawindran, Hemamalini
  • Hassan, Muzamil A.
  • Lam, Man Kee
  • Khoo, Kuan Shiong
  • Zango, Zakariyya Uba

Abstract

Previous work showed that low-temperature thermal pre-treatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) under different temperatures (30, 60, 75, 90 °C) and durations (2, 4, 8, 16 h) prior to black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) rearing could improve the larval growth. In this work, the biochemical profiles of WAS-fed BSFL and the characteristics of biodiesel produced were reported. The BSFL fed with pre-treated WAS had high protein contents (44%–54%) and moderate lipid contents (21%–25%). The WAS pre-treated at 90 °C for 16 h produced BSFL with the highest protein and lipid yields, achieving 69% and 71% of increments, respectively, as compared with the controlled WAS. Subsequently, high conversion of lipid into biodiesel (>90%) could be achieved through the acid-catalyzed transesterification process. The BSFL biodiesel was dominated by saturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), with C12:0 being the abundance. This unique FAME profile enabled BSFL biodiesel to have low iodine value, high cetane number and more oxidatively stable as compared with other reported biodiesels like palm oil and rapeseed oil biodiesels. The BSFL biodiesel also satiated the biodiesel standards of EN 14214 and ASTM D6751, except for the flash point, which was still higher and safer than petroleum diesel. In short, the thermal pre-treatment of WAS was effective in promoting BSFL growth and its lipid yield, ultimately leading to higher biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Liew, Chin Seng & Mong, Guo Ren & Lim, Jun Wei & Raksasat, Ratchaprapa & Rawindran, Hemamalini & Hassan, Muzamil A. & Lam, Man Kee & Khoo, Kuan Shiong & Zango, Zakariyya Uba, 2023. "Low-temperature thermal pre-treated sewage sludge for feeding of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Protein, lipid and biodiesel profile and characterization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:178:y:2023:i:c:s1364032123000977
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113241
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032123000977
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113241?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chung Yiin Wong & Muhammad Naeim Mohd Aris & Hanita Daud & Man Kee Lam & Ching Seong Yong & Hadura Abu Hasan & Siewhui Chong & Pau Loke Show & Oetami Dwi Hajoeningtijas & Yeek Chia Ho & Pei Sean Goh &, 2020. "In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens : Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mekhilef, S., 2012. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2070-2093.
    3. Sarin, Amit & Arora, Rajneesh & Singh, N.P. & Sarin, Rakesh & Malhotra, R.K. & Kundu, K., 2009. "Effect of blends of Palm-Jatropha-Pongamia biodiesels on cloud point and pour point," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2016-2021.
    4. Fassinou, Wanignon Ferdinand & Sako, Aboubakar & Fofana, Alhassane & Koua, Kamenan Blaise & Toure, Siaka, 2010. "Fatty acids composition as a means to estimate the high heating value (HHV) of vegetable oils and biodiesel fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4949-4954.
    5. Chung-Yiin Wong & Siti-Suhailah Rosli & Yoshimitsu Uemura & Yeek Chia Ho & Arunsri Leejeerajumnean & Worapon Kiatkittipong & Chin-Kui Cheng & Man-Kee Lam & Jun-Wei Lim, 2019. "Potential Protein and Biodiesel Sources from Black Soldier Fly Larvae: Insights of Larval Harvesting Instar and Fermented Feeding Medium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-15, April.
    6. Chai, Wai Siong & Bao, Yulei & Jin, Pengfei & Tang, Guang & Zhou, Lei, 2021. "A review on ammonia, ammonia-hydrogen and ammonia-methane fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    7. Li, De-gang & Zhen, Huang & Xingcai, Lŭ & Wu-gao, Zhang & Jian-guang, Yang, 2005. "Physico-chemical properties of ethanol–diesel blend fuel and its effect on performance and emissions of diesel engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 967-976.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Ali, Obed M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, Abdul A., 2017. "Effect of emulsification and blending on the oxygenation and substitution of diesel fuel for compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1281-1294.
    2. Manzano-Agugliaro, F. & Sanchez-Muros, M.J. & Barroso, F.G. & Martínez-Sánchez, A. & Rojo, S. & Pérez-Bañón, C., 2012. "Insects for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3744-3753.
    3. Patel, Alok & Arora, Neha & Mehtani, Juhi & Pruthi, Vikas & Pruthi, Parul A., 2017. "Assessment of fuel properties on the basis of fatty acid profiles of oleaginous yeast for potential biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 604-616.
    4. Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Sanjid, A. & Abedin, M.J., 2014. "Assessment of emission and performance of compression ignition engine with varying injection timing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 221-230.
    5. Obed M. Ali & Talal Yusaf & Rizalman Mamat & Nik R. Abdullah & Abdul Adam Abdullah, 2014. "Influence of Chemical Blends on Palm Oil Methyl Esters’ Cold Flow Properties and Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-17, July.
    6. Jung, Sungyup & Jung, Jong-Min & Tsang, Yiu Fai & Bhatnagar, Amit & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Kun-Yi Andrew & Kwon, Eilhann E., 2022. "Biodiesel production from black soldier fly larvae derived from food waste by non-catalytic transesterification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    7. Shahir, S.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Imran, A. & Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul & Sanjid, A., 2014. "Feasibility of diesel–biodiesel–ethanol/bioethanol blend as existing CI engine fuel: An assessment of properties, material compatibility, safety and combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 379-395.
    8. Mukhtar, M.N.A. & Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Noor, M.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A. Adam & Abd Aziz, Abd Rashid, 2019. "Tri-fuel emulsion with secondary atomization attributes for greener diesel engine – A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 490-506.
    9. Johari, Anwar & Nyakuma, Bemgba Bevan & Mohd Nor, Shadiah Husna & Mat, Ramli & Hashim, Haslenda & Ahmad, Arshad & Yamani Zakaria, Zaki & Tuan Abdullah, Tuan Amran, 2015. "The challenges and prospects of palm oil based biodiesel in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 255-261.
    10. Bukkarapu, Kiran Raj & Krishnasamy, Anand, 2022. "A critical review on available models to predict engine fuel properties of biodiesel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    11. Sajjadi, Baharak & Raman, Abdul Aziz Abdul & Arandiyan, Hamidreza, 2016. "A comprehensive review on properties of edible and non-edible vegetable oil-based biodiesel: Composition, specifications and prediction models," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 62-92.
    12. Silitonga, A.S. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Ong, H.C. & Chong, W.T. & Boosroh, M.H., 2013. "Overview properties of biodiesel diesel blends from edible and non-edible feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 346-360.
    13. Wenbo Ai & Haeng Muk Cho, 2024. "Predictive Models for Biodiesel Performance and Emission Characteristics in Diesel Engines: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-25, September.
    14. Behnam Tabatabai & Afua Adusei & Alok Kumar Shrivastava & Prashant Kumar Singh & Viji Sitther, 2020. "Nitrogen Deprivation in Fremyella diplosiphon Augments Lipid Production without Affecting Growth," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-12, November.
    15. Sarin, Amit & Singh, N.P. & Sarin, Rakesh & Malhotra, R.K., 2010. "Natural and synthetic antioxidants: Influence on the oxidative stability of biodiesel synthesized from non-edible oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4645-4648.
    16. Xing, Hui & Spence, Stephen & Chen, Hua, 2020. "A comprehensive review on countermeasures for CO2 emissions from ships," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    17. Ko, Ja Kyong & Lee, Jae Hoon & Jung, Je Hyeong & Lee, Sun-Mi, 2020. "Recent advances and future directions in plant and yeast engineering to improve lignocellulosic biofuel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    18. Aytav, Emre & Kocar, Günnur, 2013. "Biodiesel from the perspective of Turkey: Past, present and future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 335-350.
    19. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2023. "Hydrogen-rich gas as a fuel for the gas turbines: A pathway to lower CO2 emission," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    20. Dussadee Rattanaphra & Sittinun Tawkaew & Sinsupha Chuichulcherm & Wilasinee Kingkam & Sasikarn Nuchdang & Kittiwan Kitpakornsanti & Unchalee Suwanmanee, 2023. "Evaluation of Life Cycle Assessment of Jatropha Biodiesel Processed by Esterification of Thai Domestic Rare Earth Oxide Catalysts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:178:y:2023:i:c:s1364032123000977. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.