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Sustainable energy options for Pakistan

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  • Asif, M.

Abstract

With the advent of the year 2008, Pakistan faces a gap of 4500Â MW between the demand and supply of electricity, registering a shortfall of 40%. The article provides an overview of the key dimensions of the crisis, i.e. growing gap between demand and supply, diminishing indigenous oil and gas reserves, rising energy cost and security concerns. It also explores hydropower, solar energy, biomass and wind power as sustainable energy options for the country. In has been found that the total estimated hydropower potential is more than 42Â GW out of which only 6.5Â GW has been tapped so far. In terms of available solar energy Pakistan is amongst the richest countries in the world, having an annual global irradiance value of 1900-2200Â kWh/m2. Despite that fact that the biomass plays an important role in the primary energy mix by contributing to 36% of the total supplies, it has not managed to break into the commercial energy market. Wind power, also been identified as a potential source of energy, is yet to take off.

Suggested Citation

  • Asif, M., 2009. "Sustainable energy options for Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 903-909, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:13:y:2009:i:4:p:903-909
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mirza, Umar K. & Ahmad, Nasir & Majeed, Tariq & Harijan, Khanji, 2007. "Wind energy development in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(9), pages 2179-2190, December.
    2. Muneer, T. & Maubleu, S. & Asif, M., 2006. "Prospects of solar water heating for textile industry in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Raja, Iftikhar A. & Abro, Riazuddin S., 1994. "Solar and wind energy potential and utilization in Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 583-586.
    4. Muneer, T. & Asif, M., 2007. "Prospects for secure and sustainable electricity supply for Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 654-671, May.
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