IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v86y2016icp124-132.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Production of biodiesel from low priced, renewable and abundant date seed oil

Author

Listed:
  • Azeem, Muhammad Waqar
  • Hanif, Muhammad Asif
  • Al-Sabahi, Jamal Nasar
  • Khan, Asif Ali
  • Naz, Saima
  • Ijaz, Aliya

Abstract

The present work is definitely an approach towards attaining price competency of bio-diesel to petroleum diesel. The oils extracted from abundantly available waste of Zahidi, Basra and Khazravi date seeds were used to produce biodiesel using acid (HCl), base (KOH), immobilized enzyme (lipase), immobilized enzyme/acid (lipase/HCl) and immobilized enzyme/base (lipase/KOH) catalyzed processes. Mixed catalysis (immobilized enzyme + acid or immobilized enzyme + base) resulted in better yields in comparison to acid or base catalysis. The properties of biodiesel were evaluated by fuel standard tests and the results were compared with EN14214 and ASTM D6751 standards. Biodiesel produced from date seed oil was found to have a high cetane number (55–60.3), low iodine value (44–50) and good flash point (135–140 °C). Pour point of pure biodiesel produced from Khazravi and Zahidi was found to range from 2 to −2 °C. Biodiesel produced from Basra exhibited good pour point (−4.7 to −8.3 °C) in comparison to other varieties. The components present in biodiesel produced from various date varieties were determined by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analyses (GCMS). The fatty acid (%) detected in date seed biodiesel were oleic acid (33.4–47.4), lauric acid (19–28), palmitic acid (13.6–19.2), myristic acid (13.6–17.44) and linoleic acid (6.4–8.5). A special feature of date seed oil biodiesel was the presence of considerable amounts of low chain fatty acids.

Suggested Citation

  • Azeem, Muhammad Waqar & Hanif, Muhammad Asif & Al-Sabahi, Jamal Nasar & Khan, Asif Ali & Naz, Saima & Ijaz, Aliya, 2016. "Production of biodiesel from low priced, renewable and abundant date seed oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 124-132.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:86:y:2016:i:c:p:124-132
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.006
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148115302068
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.006?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eevera, T. & Rajendran, K. & Saradha, S., 2009. "Biodiesel production process optimization and characterization to assess the suitability of the product for varied environmental conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 762-765.
    2. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mekhilef, S., 2012. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2070-2093.
    3. Srivastava, Anjana & Prasad, Ram, 2000. "Triglycerides-based diesel fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 111-133, June.
    4. Fernando, Sandun & Karra, Prashanth & Hernandez, Rafael & Jha, Saroj Kumar, 2007. "Effect of incompletely converted soybean oil on biodiesel quality," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 844-851.
    5. Balat, Mustafa & Balat, Havva, 2010. "Progress in biodiesel processing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 1815-1835, June.
    6. Lin, Lin & Cunshan, Zhou & Vittayapadung, Saritporn & Xiangqian, Shen & Mingdong, Dong, 2011. "Opportunities and challenges for biodiesel fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1020-1031, April.
    7. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Abdul Aziz, A.R. & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2012. "Production of biodiesel using high free fatty acid feedstocks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 3275-3285.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Alla Mohammed Alrefai & Raid Alrefai & Khaled Y. Benyounis & Joseph Stokes, 2021. "Biogas Produced by Anaerobic Digestion Process and Biodiesel from Date Seeds," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-41, August.
    2. Li, Lu & Zou, Changjun & Zhou, Lu & Lin, Lang, 2017. "Cucurbituril-protected Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 for optimized biodiesel production from waste cooking oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 14-22.
    3. Ayesha Mushtaq & Muhammad Asif Hanif & Muhammad Zahid & Umer Rashid & Zahid Mushtaq & Muhammad Zubair & Bryan R. Moser & Fahad A. Alharthi, 2021. "Production and Evaluation of Fractionated Tamarind Seed Oil Methyl Esters as a New Source of Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Ziyad, Ben Ahmed & Yousfi, Mohamed & Vander Heyden, Yvan, 2022. "Effects of growing region and maturity stages on oil yield, fatty acid profile and tocopherols of Pistacia atlantica Desf. fruit and their implications on resulting biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 167-181.
    5. Mohammed Kamil & Khalid Ramadan & Abdul Ghani Olabi & Chaouki Ghenai & Abrar Inayat & Mugdad H. Rajab, 2019. "Desert Palm Date Seeds as a Biodiesel Feedstock: Extraction, Characterization, and Engine Testing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-20, August.
    6. Bazgha Ijaz & Muhammad Asif Hanif & Umer Rashid & Muhammad Zubair & Zahid Mushtaq & Haq Nawaz & Thomas Shean Yaw Choong & Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, 2020. "High Vacuum Fractional Distillation (HVFD) Approach for Quality and Performance Improvement of Azadirachta indica Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, June.
    7. Sajid, Zaman & Khan, Faisal & Zhang, Yan, 2017. "Integration of interpretive structural modelling with Bayesian network for biodiesel performance analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 194-203.
    8. Faleh, Nahla & Khila, Zouhour & Wahada, Zeineb & Pons, Marie-Noëlle & Houas, Ammar & Hajjaji, Noureddine, 2018. "Exergo-environmental life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from mutton tallow transesterification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 74-83.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mahmudul, H.M. & Hagos, F.Y. & Mamat, R. & Adam, A. Abdul & Ishak, W.F.W. & Alenezi, R., 2017. "Production, characterization and performance of biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 497-509.
    2. Azad, A.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Sharma, Subhash C. & Mofijur, M. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Prospects, feedstocks and challenges of biodiesel production from beauty leaf oil and castor oil: A nonedible oil sources in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 302-318.
    3. Bhuiya, M.M.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Ashwath, N. & Azad, A.K., 2016. "Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel—Part: 1 selection of feedstocks, oil extraction techniques and conversion technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1109-1128.
    4. Mofijur, M. & Rasul, M.G. & Hyde, J. & Azad, A.K. & Mamat, R. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel–biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol–biodiesel–diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 265-278.
    5. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Ong, H.C. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Fayaz, H., 2013. "Non-edible vegetable oils: A critical evaluation of oil extraction, fatty acid compositions, biodiesel production, characteristics, engine performance and emissions production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 211-245.
    6. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Atabani, A.E. & Shahabuddin, M. & Palash, S.M. & Hazrat, M.A., 2013. "Effect of biodiesel from various feedstocks on combustion characteristics, engine durability and materials compatibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 441-455.
    7. Shelare, Sagar D. & Belkhode, Pramod N. & Nikam, Keval Chandrakant & Jathar, Laxmikant D. & Shahapurkar, Kiran & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Veza, Ibham & Khan, T.M. Yunus & Kalam, M.A. & Nizami, Ab, 2023. "Biofuels for a sustainable future: Examining the role of nano-additives, economics, policy, internet of things, artificial intelligence and machine learning technology in biodiesel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    8. Singh, Bhaskar & Guldhe, Abhishek & Rawat, Ismail & Bux, Faizal, 2014. "Towards a sustainable approach for development of biodiesel from plant and microalgae," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 216-245.
    9. Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir & Cesur, Cüneyt & Aslan, Volkan & Yilbasi, Zeki, 2020. "The production of biodiesel from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil as a potential feedstock and its usage in compression ignition engine: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    10. Baskar, G. & Aiswarya, R., 2016. "Trends in catalytic production of biodiesel from various feedstocks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 496-504.
    11. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mekhilef, S., 2012. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2070-2093.
    12. Aytav, Emre & Kocar, Günnur, 2013. "Biodiesel from the perspective of Turkey: Past, present and future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 335-350.
    13. Mofijur, M. & Atabani, A.E. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Masum, B.M., 2013. "A study on the effects of promising edible and non-edible biodiesel feedstocks on engine performance and emissions production: A comparative evaluation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 391-404.
    14. Manzano-Agugliaro, F. & Sanchez-Muros, M.J. & Barroso, F.G. & Martínez-Sánchez, A. & Rojo, S. & Pérez-Bañón, C., 2012. "Insects for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3744-3753.
    15. Jakeria, M.R. & Fazal, M.A. & Haseeb, A.S.M.A., 2014. "Influence of different factors on the stability of biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 154-163.
    16. Talebian-Kiakalaieh, Amin & Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina & Zarei, Alireza & Noshadi, Iman, 2013. "Transesterification of waste cooking oil by heteropoly acid (HPA) catalyst: Optimization and kinetic model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 283-292.
    17. Behdad Shadidi & Gholamhassan Najafi & Mohammad Ali Zolfigol, 2022. "A Review of the Existing Potentials in Biodiesel Production in Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-18, March.
    18. Bhatia, Shashi Kant & Bhatia, Ravi Kant & Yang, Yung-Hun, 2017. "An overview of microdiesel — A sustainable future source of renewable energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1078-1090.
    19. Silitonga, A.S. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Ong, H.C. & Atabani, A.E. & Chong, W.T., 2013. "A global comparative review of biodiesel production from jatropha curcas using different homogeneous acid and alkaline catalysts: Study of physical and chemical properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 514-533.
    20. Mohammed I. Jahirul & Richard J. Brown & Wijitha Senadeera & Ian M. O'Hara & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2013. "The Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-43, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:86:y:2016:i:c:p:124-132. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.