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Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation

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  • Yu, Liu
  • Yaoqiu, Kuang
  • Ningsheng, Huang
  • Zhifeng, Wu
  • Lianzhong, Xu

Abstract

Biogas utilization has undergone great development in rural China since the government systematically popularized household-scale biogas digesters for meeting the rural energy needs in the 1970s. In order to comprehensively estimate the significance of biogas utilization on rural energy development and greenhouse gas emission reduction, all types of energy sources, including straw, fuelwood, coal, refined oil, electricity, LPG, natural gas, and coal gas, which were substituted by biogas, were analyzed based on the amount of consumption for the years from 1991 to 2005. It was found that biogas provided 832749.13TJ of energy for millions of households. By the employment of biogas digesters, reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) was estimated to be 73157.59Gg CO2 equivalents (CO2-eq), and the emission by the biogas combustion was only 36372.75Gg CO2-eq of GHG. Energy substitution and manure management, working in combination, had reduced the GHG emission efficiently. The majority of the emission reduction was achieved by energy substitution that reduced 84243.94Gg CO2, 3560.01Gg CO2-eq of CH4 and 260.08Gg CO2-eq of N2O emission. It was also predicted that the total production of biogas would reach to 15.6billionm3 in the year 2010 and 38.5billionm3 in the year 2020, respectively. As a result, the GHG emission reductions are expected to reach 28991.04 and 46794.90Gg CO2-eq, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu, Liu & Yaoqiu, Kuang & Ningsheng, Huang & Zhifeng, Wu & Lianzhong, Xu, 2008. "Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 2027-2035.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:33:y:2008:i:9:p:2027-2035
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2007.12.004
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    1. Wakeel, Muhammad & Hayat, Tasawer & Shah, Noor Samad & Iqbal, Jibran & Haq Khan, Zia Ul & Shah, Ghulam Mustafa & Rasool, Atta, 2023. "Biogas Energy Resources in Pakistan Status, Potential, and Barriers," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    2. Shane, Agabu & Gheewala, Shabbir H. & Kafwembe, Young, 2017. "Urban commercial biogas power plant model for Zambian towns," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 1-14.
    3. Pérez, Irene & Garfí, Marianna & Cadena, Erasmo & Ferrer, Ivet, 2014. "Technical, economic and environmental assessment of household biogas digesters for rural communities," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 313-318.
    4. Surendra, K.C. & Takara, Devin & Hashimoto, Andrew G. & Khanal, Samir Kumar, 2014. "Biogas as a sustainable energy source for developing countries: Opportunities and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 846-859.
    5. Khan, Ershad Ullah & Martin, Andrew R., 2016. "Review of biogas digester technology in rural Bangladesh," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 247-259.
    6. Lohan, Shiv Kumar & Dixit, Jagvir & Kumar, Rohitashw & Pandey, Yogesh & Khan, Junaid & Ishaq, Mohd. & Modasir, Sheikh & Kumar, Dinesh, 2015. "Biogas: A boon for sustainable energy development in India׳s cold climate," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 95-101.
    7. Cheng, Shikun & Li, Zifu & Mang, Heinz-Peter & Neupane, Kalidas & Wauthelet, Marc & Huba, Elisabeth-Maria, 2014. "Application of fault tree approach for technical assessment of small-sized biogas systems in Nepal," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1372-1381.
    8. van Groenendaal, Willem & Gehua, Wang, 2010. "Microanalysis of the benefits of China's family-size bio-digesters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 4457-4466.
    9. Karthik Rajendran & Solmaz Aslanzadeh & Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, 2012. "Household Biogas Digesters—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-32, August.
    10. Gosens, Jorrit & Lu, Yonglong & He, Guizhen & Bluemling, Bettina & Beckers, Theo A.M., 2013. "Sustainability effects of household-scale biogas in rural China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 273-287.
    11. Katuwal, Hari & Bohara, Alok K., 2009. "Biogas: A promising renewable technology and its impact on rural households in Nepal," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 2668-2674, December.
    12. Roubík, Hynek & Mazancová, Jana & Rydval, Jan & Kvasnička, Roman, 2020. "Uncovering the dynamic complexity of the development of small–scale biogas technology through causal loops," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 235-243.
    13. Roubík, Hynek & Mazancová, Jana & Phung, Le Dinh & Banout, Jan, 2018. "Current approach to manure management for small-scale Southeast Asian farmers - Using Vietnamese biogas and non-biogas farms as an example," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 362-370.
    14. Abiodun O. Jegede & Grietje Zeeman & Harry Bruning, 2019. "Development of an Optimised Chinese Dome Digester Enables Smaller Reactor Volumes; Pilot Scale Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-15, June.

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