IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v230y2024ics0960148124009522.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The calculation and distribution of CAV carbon emissions on urban transportation systems: A comparative analysis of renewable and non-renewable energy sources

Author

Listed:
  • Huang, Kai
  • Zhou, Peng
  • Liu, Zhiyuan
  • Tang, Tianli
  • Zhang, Honggang
  • Jiang, Wei

Abstract

When powered by electricity, Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), an emerging mode of transportation, possess the capacity to reduce exhaust emissions greatly. However, accurately measuring carbon emissions in urban transportation remains a challenge, especially considering emissions from electricity generation and gasoline consumption. This paper proposes an innovative method for calculating CAVs' carbon emissions distribution, utilizing both renewable and non-renewable energy. The study employs SUMO, an agent-based simulation platform, to develop an intelligent driver model and cooperative adaptive cruise control modules, tracking vehicle movement behavior across various vehicle types, including Gasoline Vehicles (GVs), Electric Vehicles (EVs), Human-Driven Vehicles (HDVs), and CAVs. Subsequently, a lifecycle electric carbon emission model is constructed, integrating the energy consumption model of EVs with carbon emission factors of renewable and non-renewable energy. Visualization models are then developed to clarify the carbon emission distribution within the traffic network. A case study conducted in Suzhou, China validates the model, analyzing the spatiotemporal distribution of carbon emissions. Results show EVs can reduce carbon emissions by 70%–90 % compared to GVs on urban roads during rush hour, while CAVs can further reduce emissions by 35%–50 % compared to HDVs. Additionally, carbon emissions from non-renewable energy sources were found to exceed those from renewable sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Huang, Kai & Zhou, Peng & Liu, Zhiyuan & Tang, Tianli & Zhang, Honggang & Jiang, Wei, 2024. "The calculation and distribution of CAV carbon emissions on urban transportation systems: A comparative analysis of renewable and non-renewable energy sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:230:y:2024:i:c:s0960148124009522
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120884
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148124009522
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2024.120884?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huang, Kai & An, Kun & Correia, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida, 2020. "Planning station capacity and fleet size of one-way electric carsharing systems with continuous state of charge functions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 287(3), pages 1075-1091.
    2. Shang, Wen-Long & Zhang, Mengxiao & Wu, Guoyuan & Yang, Lan & Fang, Shan & Ochieng, Washington, 2023. "Estimation of traffic energy consumption based on macro-micro modelling with sparse data from Connected and Automated Vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    3. Feng, Kuishuang & Hubacek, Klaus & Siu, Yim Ling & Li, Xin, 2014. "The energy and water nexus in Chinese electricity production: A hybrid life cycle analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 342-355.
    4. Gass, V. & Schmidt, J. & Schmid, E., 2014. "Analysis of alternative policy instruments to promote electric vehicles in Austria," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 96-101.
    5. Liu, Zhiyuan & Xie, Shen & Zhang, Honggang & Zhou, Dinghao & Yang, Yuwei, 2024. "A parallel computing framework for large-scale microscopic traffic simulation based on spectral partitioning," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    6. Wang, Yongpei & Yan, Qing & Luo, Yifei & Zhang, Qian, 2023. "Carbon abatement of electricity sector with renewable energy deployment: Evidence from China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 1-11.
    7. Zhang, Jin & Wang, Zhenpo & Liu, Peng & Zhang, Zhaosheng, 2020. "Energy consumption analysis and prediction of electric vehicles based on real-world driving data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    8. Wang, Ning & Ren, Yixin & Zhu, Tao & Meng, Fanxin & Wen, Zongguo & Liu, Gengyuan, 2018. "Life cycle carbon emission modelling of coal-fired power: Chinese case," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 841-852.
    9. Huang, Di & Liu, Zhiyuan & Liu, Pan & Chen, Jun, 2016. "Optimal transit fare and service frequency of a nonlinear origin-destination based fare structure," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 1-19.
    10. Wang, An & Xu, Junshi & Zhang, Mingqian & Zhai, Zhiqiang & Song, Guohua & Hatzopoulou, Marianne, 2022. "Emissions and fuel consumption of a hybrid electric vehicle in real-world metropolitan traffic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    11. Huang, Kai & An, Kun & Rich, Jeppe & Ma, Wanjing, 2020. "Vehicle relocation in one-way station-based electric carsharing systems: A comparative study of operator-based and user-based methods," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    12. Lin, Boqiang & Okoye, Jude O., 2023. "Towards renewable energy generation and low greenhouse gas emission in high-income countries: Performance of financial development and governance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    13. Liang, Yuanyuan & Yu, Biying & Wang, Lu, 2019. "Costs and benefits of renewable energy development in China's power industry," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 700-712.
    14. Choi, Wonjae & Yoo, Eunji & Seol, Eunsu & Kim, Myoungsoo & Song, Han Ho, 2020. "Greenhouse gas emissions of conventional and alternative vehicles: Predictions based on energy policy analysis in South Korea," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mati, Sagiru & Baita, Abubakar Jamilu & Ismael, Goran Yousif & Abdullahi, Salisu Garba & Samour, Ahmed & Ozsahin, Dilber Uzun, 2024. "Enhancing CO2 emissions prediction in Africa: A novel approach integrating enviroeconomic factors and nature-inspired neural network in the presence of unit root," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PA).
    2. Shi, Chaofan & Qin, Guangyu & Tan, Qinliang & Yang, Jiahui & Chen, Xi & Liu, Qi & Zhang, Tianjin & Kammen, Daniel M., 2024. "Simulation of hydrogen transportation development path and carbon emission reduction path based on LEAP model - A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cui, Qi & He, Ling & Han, Guoyi & Chen, Hao & Cao, Juanjuan, 2020. "Review on climate and water resource implications of reducing renewable power curtailment in China: A nexus perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    2. Bansal, Vishal & Kumar, Deepak Prakash & Roy, Debjit & Subramanian, Shankar C., 2022. "Performance evaluation and optimization of design parameters for electric vehicle-sharing platforms by considering vehicle dynamics," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    3. Bitencourt, Leonardo & Dias, Bruno & Soares, Tiago & Borba, Bruno & Quirós-Tortós, Jairo, 2023. "e-Carsharing siting and sizing DLMP-based under demand uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PB).
    4. Zhang, Li & Chen, Tingting & Yao, Baozhen & Yu, Bin & Wang, Yunpeng, 2025. "Routing and charging scheduling for the electric carsharing system with mobile charging vehicles," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    5. Jia, Zhenyu & Yin, Jiawei & Cao, Zeping & Wu, Lin & Wei, Ning & Zhang, Yanjie & Jiang, Zhiwen & Guo, Dongping & Zhang, Qijun & Mao, Hongjun, 2025. "Regional vehicle energy consumption evaluation framework to quantify the benefits of vehicle electrification in plateau city: A case study of Xining, China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    6. Choi, Mingi & Cha, Junepyo & Song, Jingeun, 2024. "Analysis of fuel economy reduction factors of hybrid electric vehicles in winter using on-road driving data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    7. Fangyi Li & Zhaoyang Ye & Xilin Xiao & Dawei Ma, 2019. "Environmental Benefits of Stock Evolution of Coal-Fired Power Generators in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-17, October.
    8. Xiong, Siqin & Yuan, Yi & Yao, Jia & Bai, Bo & Ma, Xiaoming, 2023. "Exploring consumer preferences for electric vehicles based on the random coefficient logit model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    9. Wang, Peng & Huang, Ren & Zhang, Sufang & Liu, Xiaoli, 2023. "Pathways of carbon emissions reduction under the water-energy constraint: A case study of Beijing in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    10. Hegde, Bharatkumar & Ahmed, Qadeer & Rizzoni, Giorgio, 2020. "Velocity and energy trajectory prediction of electrified powertrain for look ahead control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    11. Tharsis Teoh & Oliver Kunze & Chee-Chong Teo & Yiik Diew Wong, 2018. "Decarbonisation of Urban Freight Transport Using Electric Vehicles and Opportunity Charging," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, September.
    12. Zhou, Yuanchun & Ma, Mengdie & Gao, Peiqi & Xu, Qiming & Bi, Jun & Naren, Tuya, 2019. "Managing water resources from the energy - water nexus perspective under a changing climate: A case study of Jiangsu province, China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 380-390.
    13. Altayib, Khalid & Dincer, Ibrahim, 2022. "Development of an integrated hydropower system with hydrogen and methanol production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    14. Jeong, Jun Woo & In Lee, Dong & Woo, Seungchul & Lim, Yunsung & Lee, Kihyung, 2024. "Analysis of energy consumption efficiency and emissions according to urban driving of hybrid electric vehicles in Korea," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 371(C).
    15. Cai, Yanpeng & Cai, Jianying & Xu, Linyu & Tan, Qian & Xu, Qiao, 2019. "Integrated risk analysis of water-energy nexus systems based on systems dynamics, orthogonal design and copula analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 125-137.
    16. Yang, Lin & Lv, Haodong & Jiang, Dalin & Fan, Jingli & Zhang, Xian & He, Weijun & Zhou, Jinsheng & Wu, Wenjing, 2020. "Whether CCS technologies will exacerbate the water crisis in China? —A full life-cycle analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    17. Wang, Can & Zheng, Xinzhu & Cai, Wenjia & Gao, Xue & Berrill, Peter, 2017. "Unexpected water impacts of energy-saving measures in the iron and steel sector: Tradeoffs or synergies?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1119-1127.
    18. Wu, Weitiao & Liu, Ronghui & Jin, Wenzhou & Ma, Changxi, 2019. "Stochastic bus schedule coordination considering demand assignment and rerouting of passengers," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 275-303.
    19. Elena Higueras-Castillo & Sebastian Molinillo & J. Andres Coca-Stefaniak & Francisco Liébana-Cabanillas, 2020. "Potential Early Adopters of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in Spain—Towards a Customer Profile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-18, May.
    20. Wu, X.D. & Guo, J.L. & Chen, G.Q., 2018. "The striking amount of carbon emissions by the construction stage of coal-fired power generation system in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 358-369.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:230:y:2024:i:c:s0960148124009522. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.