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Feasibility of large scale offshore wind power for Hong Kong — a preliminary study

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  • Li, G

Abstract

This paper investigates the potential and the feasibility of offshore wind energy for Hong Kong. The 1998 wind data taken from an island were analysed. The wind resource yields an annual mean wind speed of 6.6 m/s and mean wind power density of 310 W/m2. With commercially available 1.65 MW wind turbines placed on the whole of Hong Kong’s territorial waters, the maximum electricity generating potential from offshore wind is estimated to be 25 TWh which is about 72% of the total 1998 annual electricity consumption. However, potential is significantly reduced if other usages of the sea such as shipping are considered. A hypothetical offshore wind farm of 1038 MW capacity is then sited on the East-side waters. The extreme wind and wave climates, as well as the seasonal variation of wind power and demand are examined. The electricity generation costs are estimated and compared with the local retail tariff. Initial results indicate the wind farm is economically viable and technically feasible.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, G, 2000. "Feasibility of large scale offshore wind power for Hong Kong — a preliminary study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 387-402.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:21:y:2000:i:3:p:387-402
    DOI: 10.1016/S0960-1481(00)00038-0
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "Study on offshore wind power potential and wind farm optimization in Hong Kong," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 519-531.
    2. Zhou, Wei & Yang, Hongxing & Fang, Zhaohong, 2006. "Wind power potential and characteristic analysis of the Pearl River Delta region, China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 739-753.
    3. Chang, Tsang-Jung & Wu, Yu-Ting & Hsu, Hua-Yi & Chu, Chia-Ren & Liao, Chun-Min, 2003. "Assessment of wind characteristics and wind turbine characteristics in Taiwan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 851-871.
    4. Cancino-Solórzano, Yoreley & Xiberta-Bernat, Jorge, 2009. "Statistical analysis of wind power in the region of Veracruz (Mexico)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1628-1634.
    5. Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "Investigation into the optimal wind turbine layout patterns for a Hong Kong offshore wind farm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 430-442.
    6. Lu, Lin & Yang, Hongxing & Burnett, John, 2002. "Investigation on wind power potential on Hong Kong islands—an analysis of wind power and wind turbine characteristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 1-12.
    7. Chen, Xinping & Wang, Kaimin & Zhang, Zenghai & Zeng, Yindong & Zhang, Yao & O'Driscoll, Kieran, 2017. "An assessment of wind and wave climate as potential sources of renewable energy in the nearshore Shenzhen coastal zone of the South China Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 789-801.
    8. Steve H.L. Yim & Jimmy C.H. Fung & Alexis K.H. Lau, 2009. "Mesoscale Simulation of Year-to-Year Variation of Wind Power Potential over Southern China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-22, June.
    9. Hong, Lixuan & Möller, Bernd, 2011. "Offshore wind energy potential in China: Under technical, spatial and economic constraints," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4482-4491.
    10. Shu, Z.R. & Li, Q.S. & Chan, P.W., 2015. "Investigation of offshore wind energy potential in Hong Kong based on Weibull distribution function," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 362-373.
    11. He, J.Y. & Chan, P.W. & Li, Q.S. & Lee, C.W., 2022. "Characterizing coastal wind energy resources based on sodar and microwave radiometer observations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    12. Xiaoxia Gao & Lu Xia & Lin Lu & Yonghua Li, 2019. "Analysis of Hong Kong’s Wind Energy: Power Potential, Development Constraints, and Experiences from Other Countries for Local Wind Energy Promotion Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, February.
    13. Chen, Xinping & Foley, Aoife & Zhang, Zenghai & Wang, Kaimin & O'Driscoll, Kieran, 2020. "An assessment of wind energy potential in the Beibu Gulf considering the energy demands of the Beibu Gulf Economic Rim," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    14. Dunnett, David & Wallace, James S., 2009. "Electricity generation from wave power in Canada," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 179-195.
    15. Weisser, D, 2003. "A wind energy analysis of Grenada: an estimation using the ‘Weibull’ density function," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(11), pages 1803-1812.
    16. Nie, Bingchuan & Li, Jiachun, 2018. "Technical potential assessment of offshore wind energy over shallow continent shelf along China coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 391-399.
    17. deCastro, M. & Salvador, S. & Gómez-Gesteira, M. & Costoya, X. & Carvalho, D. & Sanz-Larruga, F.J. & Gimeno, L., 2019. "Europe, China and the United States: Three different approaches to the development of offshore wind energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 55-70.
    18. Shu, Z.R. & Li, Q.S. & He, Y.C. & Chan, P.W., 2016. "Observations of offshore wind characteristics by Doppler-LiDAR for wind energy applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 150-163.
    19. Dicorato, M. & Forte, G. & Pisani, M. & Trovato, M., 2011. "Guidelines for assessment of investment cost for offshore wind generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 2043-2051.

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