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Modeling the coupled aero-hydro-servo-dynamic response of 15 MW floating wind turbines with wind tunnel hardware in the loop

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  • Fontanella, Alessandro
  • Facchinetti, Alan
  • Daka, Elio
  • Belloli, Marco

Abstract

Accurate modeling and design tools are required to lower the cost of floating wind and enable the rapid growth that is expected in the next years. This paper presents a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) wind tunnel experiment, showing it is a valuable tool to investigate the coupled response of two 15 MW floating wind turbines. In the HIL experiment, the wind turbine is emulated with a physical scale model, that is a 1:100 version of the IEA 15 MW, with reference closed-loop control functionalities. Rotor aerodynamic loads are continuously measured and fed back to a numerical simulation of the floater response. The output of the simulation are platform motions that are recreated in the wind tunnel with a robot. The two floating wind turbines are tested with various wind, waves, and turbine control conditions. It is shown the turbine scaled model matches with good accuracy the response of the IEA 15 MW, thanks to the aerodynamic re-design of blades and the adopted closed-loop control strategy. The HIL control system reproduces the coupling between turbine and platform with very small errors. In operational conditions, aerodynamic damping of platform motion is sensitive to wind speed when the turbine is controlled in closed loop, and it is shown that this is due to the coupling between platform pitch and rotor. The amount of aerodynamic damping just below the rated wind speed is found to be more uncertain than in other wind conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Fontanella, Alessandro & Facchinetti, Alan & Daka, Elio & Belloli, Marco, 2023. "Modeling the coupled aero-hydro-servo-dynamic response of 15 MW floating wind turbines with wind tunnel hardware in the loop," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:219:y:2023:i:p1:s0960148123013575
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119442
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alessandro Fontanella & Giulia Da Pra & Marco Belloli, 2023. "Integrated Design and Experimental Validation of a Fixed-Pitch Rotor for Wind Tunnel Testing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Madsen, F.J. & Nielsen, T.R.L. & Kim, T. & Bredmose, H. & Pegalajar-Jurado, A. & Mikkelsen, R.F. & Lomholt, A.K. & Borg, M. & Mirzaei, M. & Shin, P., 2020. "Experimental analysis of the scaled DTU10MW TLP floating wind turbine with different control strategies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 330-346.
    3. Nicole Mendoza & Amy Robertson & Alan Wright & Jason Jonkman & Lu Wang & Roger Bergua & Tri Ngo & Tuhin Das & Mohammad Odeh & Kazi Mohsin & Francesc Fabregas Flavia & Benjamin Child & Galih Bangga & M, 2022. "Verification and Validation of Model-Scale Turbine Performance and Control Strategies for the IEA Wind 15 MW Reference Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    4. Goupee, Andrew J. & Kimball, Richard W. & Dagher, Habib J., 2017. "Experimental observations of active blade pitch and generator control influence on floating wind turbine response," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 9-19.
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