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Optimization of a solar-wind- grid powered desalination system in Saudi Arabia

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  • Ghaithan, Ahmed M.
  • Al-Hanbali, Ahmad
  • Mohammed, Awsan
  • Attia, Ahmed M.
  • Saleh, Haitham
  • Alsawafy, Omar

Abstract

The utilization of renewable energy to run desalination plants has enormously expanded in the last two decades. In this study, a grid-connected hybrid solar-wind system is proposed to power a small-scale Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination unit. In a case study, the system's performance has been analyzed under the weather conditions of the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. A numerical model has been developed based on a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) approach to design and size the proposed system. The developed model is solved on an hourly basis to capture hourly variations of weather conditions with the aim to obtain an efficient design to operate the RO plant and supply freshwater to a small community living in a remote area at minimum cost. The developed model allows finding the optimal number of wind turbines, the number of photovoltaic (PV) modules, and the energy purchased from the national grid. Since the desalination energy consumption depends on the feed water conditions, two energy consumption rates are considered, namely, 2 and 4 kWh/m3. The results show that brackish water can be purified for the two different energy requirements at a cost varying between 1.72 and 1.84 $/m3, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Ghaithan, Ahmed M. & Al-Hanbali, Ahmad & Mohammed, Awsan & Attia, Ahmed M. & Saleh, Haitham & Alsawafy, Omar, 2021. "Optimization of a solar-wind- grid powered desalination system in Saudi Arabia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 295-306.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:178:y:2021:i:c:p:295-306
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.06.060
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    1. Batista, Natasha E. & Carvalho, Paulo C.M. & Fernández-Ramírez, Luis M. & Braga, Arthur P.S., 2023. "Optimizing methodologies of hybrid renewable energy systems powered reverse osmosis plants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    2. Pietrasanta, Ariana M. & Mussati, Sergio F. & Aguirre, Pio A. & Schmidhalter, Ignacio & Morosuk, Tatiana & Mussati, Miguel C., 2023. "Optimal sizing of seawater desalination systems using wind-solar hybrid renewable energy sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    3. Ghaithan, Ahmed M. & Mohammed, Awsan & Al-Hanbali, Ahmad & Attia, Ahmed M. & Saleh, Haitham, 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of a photovoltaic-wind- grid connected system to power reverse osmosis desalination plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    4. Zhang, Weiping & Maleki, Akbar, 2022. "Modeling and optimization of a stand-alone desalination plant powered by solar/wind energies based on back-up systems using a hybrid algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).
    5. Ang, Yu Qian & Polly, Allison & Kulkarni, Aparna & Chambi, Gloria Bahl & Hernandez, Matthew & Haji, Maha N., 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems with urban building energy modeling for a prototypical coastal community," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 72-84.
    6. Shakeel, Mohammad Raghib & Mokheimer, Esmail M.A., 2022. "A techno-economic evaluation of utility scale solar power generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    7. Tashtoush, Bourhan & Alyahya, Wa'ed & Al Ghadi, Malak & Al-Omari, Jamal & Morosuk, Tatiana, 2023. "Renewable energy integration in water desalination: State-of-the-art review and comparative analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    8. Sima, Catalina Alexandra & Popescu, Claudia Laurenta & Popescu, Mihai Octavian & Roscia, Mariacristina & Seritan, George & Panait, Cornel, 2022. "Techno-economic assessment of university energy communities with on/off microgrid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 538-553.
    9. Pietrasanta, Ariana M. & Mussati, Sergio F. & Aguirre, Pio A. & Morosuk, Tatiana & Mussati, Miguel C., 2022. "Water-renewable energy Nexus: Optimization of geothermal energy-powered seawater desalination systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 234-246.
    10. Ghaithan, Ahmed & Hadidi, Laith & Mohammed, Awsan, 2024. "Techno-economic assessment of concentrated solar power generation in Saudi Arabia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    11. Zhao, Pan & Xu, Wenpan & Liu, Aijie & Wu, Wenze & Wang, Jiangfeng & Yan, Zhequan, 2022. "Performance evaluation of a renewable driven standalone combined power and water supply system with cascade electricity and heat storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1283-1299.
    12. Elkadeem, Mohamed R. & Kotb, Kotb M. & Abido, Mohamed A. & Hasanien, Hany M. & Atiya, Eman G. & Almakhles, Dhafer & Elmorshedy, Mahmoud F., 2024. "Techno-enviro-socio-economic design and finite set model predictive current control of a grid-connected large-scale hybrid solar/wind energy system: A case study of Sokhna Industrial Zone, Egypt," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).

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