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Investigation on fracture creation in hot dry rock geothermal formations of China during hydraulic fracturing

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  • Zhou, Zhou
  • Jin, Yan
  • Zeng, Yijin
  • Zhang, Xudong
  • Zhou, Jian
  • Zhuang, Li
  • Xin, Shunyuan

Abstract

The abundant geothermal energy in hot dry rock (HDR) formations is an attractive renewable energy resource with great potential. China will develop its first HDR geothermal formation in the Gonghe Basin. HDR is a hard and low-permeability granite containing very few fluids. Development requires fluids to cyclically flow between injection and production wells to extract geothermal energy in the artificial heat transfer zone. Hydraulic fracturing is the main technology for creating flow paths. But few studies have investigated fractures in HDR geothermal formations. This paper investigated fractures as flow paths in HDR geothermal formations during hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fractures were simulated using a custom true-triaxial hydraulic fracturing test system in a realistic formation environment, in which a scaled wellbore was used that was built in outcrop granite rock from the Gonghe Basin. Fracture creation in granite was investigated via experiments, as well as influence factors, and what experience could be achieved. This study can be used to design and evaluate hydraulic fracturing projects in potential HDR geothermal formations.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Zhou & Jin, Yan & Zeng, Yijin & Zhang, Xudong & Zhou, Jian & Zhuang, Li & Xin, Shunyuan, 2020. "Investigation on fracture creation in hot dry rock geothermal formations of China during hydraulic fracturing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 301-313.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:153:y:2020:i:c:p:301-313
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.01.128
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Chang Su & Frauke Urban, 2021. "Carbon Neutral China by 2060: The Role of Clean Heating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    4. Ning Li & Heping Xie & Ziqi Gao & Cunbao Li, 2022. "Study on the Hydraulic Fracturing Failure Behaviour of Granite and Its Comparison with Gas Fracturing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Wang, Gaosheng & Song, Xianzhi & Shi, Yu & Yang, Ruiyue & Yulong, Feixue & Zheng, Rui & Li, Jiacheng, 2021. "Heat extraction analysis of a novel multilateral-well coaxial closed-loop geothermal system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 974-986.
    6. Zhao, Chengwei & Xu, Xuanhua & Liu, Ruihuan & He, Jishan, 2021. "A multi-aspect coordination HDRED site selection framework under multi-type heterogeneous environments," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 833-848.
    7. Qiao, Mingzheng & Jing, Zefeng & Feng, Chenchen & Li, Minghui & Chen, Cheng & Zou, Xupeng & Zhou, Yujuan, 2024. "Review on heat extraction systems of hot dry rock: Classifications, benefits, limitations, research status and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    8. Wang, Song & Zhou, Jian & Zhang, Luqing & Han, Zhenhua & Kong, Yanlong, 2024. "Numerical insight into hydraulic fracture propagation in hot dry rock with complex natural fracture networks via fluid-solid coupling grain-based modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    9. Zhang, Bo & Guo, Tiankui & Qu, Zhanqing & Wang, Jiwei & Chen, Ming & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2023. "Numerical simulation of fracture propagation and production performance in a fractured geothermal reservoir using a 2D FEM-based THMD coupling model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    10. Chenbo Liu & Gan Feng & Hongqiang Xie & Jilan Wang & Zhipan Duan & Ye Tao & Gongda Lu & Huining Xu & Yaoqing Hu & Chun Li & Yuefei Hu & Qiuhong Wu & Lu Chen, 2022. "Study on the Accuracy of Fracture Criteria in Predicting Fracture Characteristics of Granite with Different Occurrence Depths," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-17, December.
    11. Liang, Xu & Xu, Tianfu & Chen, Jingyi & Jiang, Zhenjiao, 2023. "A deep-learning based model for fracture network characterization constrained by induced micro-seismicity and tracer test data in enhanced geothermal system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    12. Xue, Yi & Liu, Shuai & Chai, Junrui & Liu, Jia & Ranjith, P.G. & Cai, Chengzheng & Gao, Feng & Bai, Xue, 2023. "Effect of water-cooling shock on fracture initiation and morphology of high-temperature granite: Application of hydraulic fracturing to enhanced geothermal systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 337(C).

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