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Bagels and donuts for sale: A case study in profit maximization

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  • Levitt, Steven D.

Abstract

Profit maximizing behavior on the part of firms is a fundamental, but rarely tested, assumption of economics. In this paper, I analyze the decisions made by an MIT trained economist running a company that delivers bagels and donuts. The simplicity and transparency of the business (e.g. marginal cost is easily observed) allow for relatively direct tests of profit maximization in the quantities delivered each day and the prices that are charged. Using twelve years of data representing more than 80,000 deliveries, I find that the company is extremely adept and determining how many bagels and donuts to deliver to a particular customer on a given day. The company appears to price on the inelastic portion of the short-run demand curve for the entire period. These pricing choices are inconsistent with short-run profit maximization, although they can potentially be reconciled with a dynamic optimization model.

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  • Levitt, Steven D., 2016. "Bagels and donuts for sale: A case study in profit maximization," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 518-535.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reecon:v:70:y:2016:i:4:p:518-535
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2015.11.001
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    Cited by:

    1. Ali Hortacsu & Olivia R. Natan & Hayden Parsley & Timothy Schwieg & Kevin R. Williams, 2021. "Organizational Structure and Pricing: Evidence from a Large U.S. Airline," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2312R, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Mar 2022.
    2. Feng, Yi & Yin, Yunqiang & Wang, Dujuan & Dhamotharan, Lalitha, 2022. "A dynamic ensemble selection method for bank telemarketing sales prediction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 368-382.
    3. Sujan Chandra Paul & Probir Kumar Bhowmik & Mehbuba Nayan Famanna, 2021. "Impact of Liquidity on Profitability: A Study on the Commercial Banks in Bangladesh," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 11(1), pages 1-4.
    4. Ali Hortacsu & Olivia R. Natan & Hayden Parsley & Timothy Schwieg & Kevin R. Williams, 2021. "Organizational Structure and Pricing: Evidence from a Large U.S. Airline," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2312R4, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Jun 2023.
    5. Ali Hortacsu & Olivia R. Natan & Hayden Parsley & Timothy Schwieg & Kevin R. Williams, 2021. "Organizational Structure and Pricing: Evidence from a Large U.S. Airline," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2312R3, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Jan 2023.

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