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Evaluating the impacts of packaging policy in The Netherlands

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  • Rouw, Magda
  • Worrell, Ernst

Abstract

Packaging materials are one of the largest contributors to municipal solid waste production. This paper evaluates the material impacts packaging policy in The Netherlands in the period 1986–2007. Five different voluntary agreements were implemented over this period to reduce the environmental impact of packaging. The analysis shows that among the investigated indicators, population statistically is the most robust indicator to estimate the packaging demand. A baseline is developed on the basis of population growth in The Netherlands, and is used as reference to evaluate policy impacts. The policy periods are evaluated on the basis of overall effectiveness compared to the baseline and target achievement. Dutch packaging policies have been effective to reduce the total packaging volume until 1999. After 2000, packaging consumption increased more rapidly than the baseline, suggesting that policy measures have not been effective. The largest increase in packaging recycling rates was achieved during the first policy period. More clear and consistent packaging policy measures and targets could improve the effectiveness of policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Rouw, Magda & Worrell, Ernst, 2011. "Evaluating the impacts of packaging policy in The Netherlands," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 483-492.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:55:y:2011:i:4:p:483-492
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.12.013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bjorner, Thomas Bue & Jensen, Henrik Holm, 2002. "Energy taxes, voluntary agreements and investment subsidies--a micro-panel analysis of the effect on Danish industrial companies' energy demand," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 229-249, June.
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    1. Dace, Elina & Bazbauers, Gatis & Berzina, Alise & Davidsen, Pål I., 2014. "System dynamics model for analyzing effects of eco-design policy on packaging waste management system," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 175-190.
    2. van Sluisveld, Mariësse A.E. & Worrell, Ernst, 2013. "The paradox of packaging optimization – a characterization of packaging source reduction in the Netherlands," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 133-142.
    3. Afif, Karima & Rebolledo, Claudia & Roy, Jacques, 2022. "Evaluating the effectiveness of the weight-based packaging tax on the reduction at source of product packaging: The case of food manufacturers and retailers," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    4. Eugénie Joltreau, 2022. "Extended Producer Responsibility, Packaging Waste Reduction and Eco-design," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 83(3), pages 527-578, November.
    5. Hickle, Garth T., 2014. "An examination of governance within extended producer responsibility policy regimes in North America," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 55-65.
    6. Fu Haw Ho & Salwa Hanim Abdul-Rashid & Raja Ariffin Raja Ghazilla & Yoke Ling Woo, 2019. "Resources Sustainability through Material Efficiency Strategies: An Insight Study of Electrical and Electronic Companies," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-16, June.

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