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Methodology to characterize and quantify debris generation in residential buildings after seismic events

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  • García-Torres, Samy
  • Kahhat, Ramzy
  • Santa-Cruz, Sandra

Abstract

Earthquakes are natural phenomena that can cause severe damage to housing infrastructure and prolonged disruption to society. Depending on their magnitude, epicenter location, local construction characteristics, and many other features, earthquakes may generate large amounts of debris and waste. The large amounts of debris generated after the disaster become one of the main problems for a population facing health issues and the need to reconstruct the city. Proper characterization and quantification of debris, subsequent waste management and reconstruction planning are essential for the restoration of an area affected by an earthquake. This study presents a methodological approach to characterize, quantify and forecast the debris produced as a consequence of earthquakes, as well as the flow of materials required for the reconstruction of the area affected. The proposed methodology includes a residential infrastructure characterization stage, a probabilistic estimation of damage by characterizing the vulnerability functions using CAPRA-GIS tool, and material flow analyses (MFA) for the characterization and quantification of debris associated with the event of an earthquake and for new materials for the reconstruction stage. A case study was developed to test this methodological approach. The residential sector of Tacna, a city with high seismic risk located on the southern coast of Peru, was selected. Moreover, five different construction systems (i.e., reinforced masonry-bearing walls with concrete diaphragms, adobe, wood, concrete shear walls, and straw) used in the residential sector of Tacna were characterized. Also, three possible earthquake scenarios (i.e., 8.6Mw, 7.5Mw and 6.2Mw) were analyzed, each one with three different material end-of-life management situations. Simultaneously, the origin and quantities of new materials needed for the reconstruction of housing infrastructure were determined. The flow of new materials considered productivity rates in the construction and manufacturing sectors. The results show that in the presence of the greatest earthquake (8.6Mw), adobe and straw homes suffered greatest damage, with damage proportions of 63% and 48%, yielding 27,000 and 1390tonnes of debris, respectively. Also, 204,000tonnes of concrete, 7400tonnes of steel and 461,400tonnes of clay brick were included as debris generated in this scenario. Furthermore, for all scenarios, the MFA provides an estimate of regional import of materials (e.g., cement, steel, brick and wood) for the reconstruction phase. Finally, the methodology is applicable to developed and undeveloped countries with different housing types, their respective vulnerability functions and constant earthquake recurrence.

Suggested Citation

  • García-Torres, Samy & Kahhat, Ramzy & Santa-Cruz, Sandra, 2017. "Methodology to characterize and quantify debris generation in residential buildings after seismic events," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 117(PB), pages 151-159.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:117:y:2017:i:pb:p:151-159
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.11.006
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    1. William Mihkelson & Hadi Arbabi & Stephen Hincks & Danielle Densley Tingley, 2024. "Built‐environment stocks in the context of a master‐planned city: A case study of Chandigarh, India," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 28(3), pages 573-588, June.
    2. Marco Gusukuma & Ramzy Kahhat & Kathia Cáceres, 2022. "Evolution of the stock of electrical and electronic equipment in the Peruvian residential sector," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 26(3), pages 952-963, June.
    3. Jorge M. Gaspar-Escribano & Sandra Martínez-Cuevas & Pouye Yazdi & Alejandra Staller & Yolanda Torres, 2023. "Extending urban seismic risk assessment to open spaces for the 2011 Lorca earthquake scenario," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 117(2), pages 1455-1473, June.
    4. Francisco Martin del Campo & Simron Jit Singh & Tomer Fishman & Adelle Thomas & Michael Drescher, 2023. "The Bahamas at risk: Material stocks, sea‐level rise, and the implications for development," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 27(4), pages 1165-1183, August.
    5. Carlos Mesta & Ramzy Kahhat & Sandra Santa‐Cruz, 2019. "Geospatial Characterization of Material Stock in the Residential Sector of a Latin‐American City," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 23(1), pages 280-291, February.
    6. Du, Ao & Wang, Xiaowei & Xie, Yazhou & Dong, You, 2023. "Regional seismic risk and resilience assessment: Methodological development, applicability, and future research needs – An earthquake engineering perspective," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).

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