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Enforcement for sale: Lobbying for water in Pakistan's Indus Basin

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  • Jacoby, Hanan G.
  • Mansuri, Ghazala

Abstract

Surface irrigation is a common pool resource subject to over-exploitation by upstream users. We ask to what extent state enforcement of de jure water allocations, designed to ensure adequate irrigation to downstream users, is up ‘for sale.’ Unique data on the land ownership of nearly a quarter-million irrigators in Pakistan's vast Indus Basin watershed provide a measure of political influence. Consistent with an influence-driven model, the decline in water availability and land values from head to tail is accentuated along channels having greater lobbying power at the head and attenuated along channels having greater lobbying power at the tail. Our paper shows how power disparities can be leveraged through the administrative state to capture valuable common resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacoby, Hanan G. & Mansuri, Ghazala, 2020. "Enforcement for sale: Lobbying for water in Pakistan's Indus Basin," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:pubeco:v:190:y:2020:i:c:s0047272720301195
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104255
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Sabyasachi Das, 2023. "Inequality in Hierarchies," Working Papers 95, Ashoka University, Department of Economics.
    2. Jacoby, Hanan G. & Mansuri, Ghazala & Fatima, Freeha, 2021. "Decentralizing corruption: Irrigation reform in Pakistan," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Lobbying; Common property resource; Land inequality;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D73 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption
    • Q15 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment

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