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Multi-season analysis reveals the spatial structure of disease spread

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  • Seroussi, Inbar
  • Levy, Nir
  • Yom-Tov, Elad

Abstract

Understanding the dynamics of infectious disease spread in a heterogeneous population is an important factor in designing control strategies. Here, we present a tensor-driven multi-compartment version of the classic Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) model and apply it to Internet data to reveal information about the complex spatial structure of disease spread. We develop an algorithm to estimate the model’s parameters in a high dimensional setting. The model and the algorithm are used to analyze state-level Google search data from the US pertaining to two viruses, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), and West Nile Virus (WNV), independently. We fit the data with correlations of R2=0.70, and 0.52 for RSV and WNV, respectively. Although no prior assumptions on spatial structure are made, human movement patterns in the US explain 27%–30% of the estimated inter-state transmission rates. The transmission rates within states are correlated with known demographic indicators, such as population density and average age. Finally, we show that the patterns of disease load for subsequent season can be predicted using the model parameters estimated for previous seasons and as few as 7 weeks of data from the current season. Our results are applicable to other countries and similar viruses, allowing the identification of disease spread parameters and prediction of disease load for seasonal viruses earlier in season.

Suggested Citation

  • Seroussi, Inbar & Levy, Nir & Yom-Tov, Elad, 2020. "Multi-season analysis reveals the spatial structure of disease spread," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 547(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:547:y:2020:i:c:s0378437120301692
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2020.124425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kate E. Jones & Nikkita G. Patel & Marc A. Levy & Adam Storeygard & Deborah Balk & John L. Gittleman & Peter Daszak, 2008. "Global trends in emerging infectious diseases," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7181), pages 990-993, February.
    2. Neil M. Ferguson & Derek A.T. Cummings & Simon Cauchemez & Christophe Fraser & Steven Riley & Aronrag Meeyai & Sopon Iamsirithaworn & Donald S. Burke, 2005. "Strategies for containing an emerging influenza pandemic in Southeast Asia," Nature, Nature, vol. 437(7056), pages 209-214, September.
    3. Levy, Nir & Iv, Michael & Yom-Tov, Elad, 2018. "Modeling influenza-like illnesses through composite compartmental models," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 494(C), pages 288-293.
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    Cited by:

    1. M., Pitchaimani & M., Brasanna Devi, 2020. "Random effects in HIV infection model at Eclipse stage," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 554(C).
    2. Pitchaimani, M. & Brasanna Devi, M., 2021. "Stochastic probical strategies in a delay virus infection model to combat COVID-19," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).

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