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When will party whips succeed? Evidence from almost symmetric voting games

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  • Bolle, Friedel

Abstract

The true preferences of some members of parliament sometimes imply voting against the party line, but these members fear sanctions. In the mostly unique pure strategy equilibrium of such a voting game, voters always follow the party line, even if their true preferences are strong and (opportunity) costs from sanctions are arbitrarily small. I qualify this disturbing result by applying the equilibrium selection theory of Harsanyi and Selten (1988). Pure strategy equilibria are selected only for large deviation costs. Otherwise, mixed strategy equilibria are selected which support majorities in true preferences (true majorities), for negligible costs almost with certainty.

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  • Bolle, Friedel, 2019. "When will party whips succeed? Evidence from almost symmetric voting games," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 24-34.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:matsoc:v:102:y:2019:i:c:p:24-34
    DOI: 10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2019.09.001
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    Cited by:

    1. Friedel Bolle & Philipp E. Otto, 2022. "The flip side of power," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 190(1), pages 75-92, January.
    2. Friedel Bolle, 2021. "Deterrence by Collective Punishment May Work against Criminals but Never against Freedom Fighters," Games, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Friedel Bolle & Philipp E. Otto, 2022. "Voting behavior under outside pressure: promoting true majorities with sequential voting?," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 58(4), pages 711-740, May.
    4. Friedel Bolle, 2022. "Voting with abstention," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 24(1), pages 30-57, February.

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