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Shrinkage estimators for large covariance matrices in multivariate real and complex normal distributions under an invariant quadratic loss

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  • Konno, Yoshihiko

Abstract

The problem of estimating large covariance matrices of multivariate real normal and complex normal distributions is considered when the dimension of the variables is larger than the number of samples. The Stein-Haff identities and calculus on eigenstructure for singular Wishart matrices are developed for real and complex cases, respectively. By using these techniques, the unbiased risk estimates for certain classes of estimators for the population covariance matrices under invariant quadratic loss functions are obtained for real and complex cases, respectively. Based on the unbiased risk estimates, shrinkage estimators which are counterparts of the estimators due to Haff [L.R. Haff, Empirical Bayes estimation of the multivariate normal covariance matrix, Ann. Statist. 8 (1980) 586-697] are shown to improve upon the best scalar multiple of the empirical covariance matrix under the invariant quadratic loss functions for both real and complex multivariate normal distributions in the situation where the dimension of the variables is larger than the number of samples.

Suggested Citation

  • Konno, Yoshihiko, 2009. "Shrinkage estimators for large covariance matrices in multivariate real and complex normal distributions under an invariant quadratic loss," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 100(10), pages 2237-2253, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:100:y:2009:i:10:p:2237-2253
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    1. Ledoit, Olivier & Wolf, Michael, 2004. "A well-conditioned estimator for large-dimensional covariance matrices," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 365-411, February.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Nhat Minh Nguyen & Trung Duc Nguyen & Eleftherios I. Thalassinos & Hoang Anh Le, 2022. "The Performance of Shrinkage Estimator for Stock Portfolio Selection in Case of High Dimensionality," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-12, June.
    4. Chételat, Didier & Wells, Martin T., 2016. "Improved second order estimation in the singular multivariate normal model," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1-19.
    5. Tatsuya Kubokawa & Akira Inoue, 2012. "Estimation of Covariance and Precision Matrices in High Dimension," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-855, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    6. Hisayuki Tsukuma & Tatsuya Kubokawa, 2014. "A Unified Approach to Estimating a Normal Mean Matrix in High and Low Dimensions," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-926, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    7. Hisayuki Tsukuma & Tatsuya Kubokawa, 2014. "Unified Improvements in Estimation of a Normal Covariance Matrix in High and Low Dimesions," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-937, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    8. Tsukuma, Hisayuki, 2016. "Estimation of a high-dimensional covariance matrix with the Stein loss," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1-17.
    9. Ikeda, Yuki & Kubokawa, Tatsuya & Srivastava, Muni S., 2016. "Comparison of linear shrinkage estimators of a large covariance matrix in normal and non-normal distributions," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 95-108.
    10. Yuki Ikeda & Tatsuya Kubokawa & Muni S. Srivastava, 2015. "Comparison of Linear Shrinkage Estimators of a Large Covariance Matrix in Normal and Non-normal Distributions," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-970, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    11. Besson, Olivier & Vincent, François & Gendre, Xavier, 2020. "A Stein’s approach to covariance matrix estimation using regularization of Cholesky factor and log-Cholesky metric," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    12. Fourdrinier, Dominique & Haddouche, Anis M. & Mezoued, Fatiha, 2021. "Covariance matrix estimation under data-based loss," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    13. Tsukuma, Hisayuki & Kubokawa, Tatsuya, 2016. "Unified improvements in estimation of a normal covariance matrix in high and low dimensions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 233-248.
    14. Fourdrinier, Dominique & Mezoued, Fatiha & Wells, Martin T., 2016. "Estimation of the inverse scatter matrix of an elliptically symmetric distribution," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 32-55.
    15. Tsukuma, Hisayuki & Kubokawa, Tatsuya, 2015. "A unified approach to estimating a normal mean matrix in high and low dimensions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 312-328.
    16. Haddouche, Anis M. & Fourdrinier, Dominique & Mezoued, Fatiha, 2021. "Scale matrix estimation of an elliptically symmetric distribution in high and low dimensions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    17. Piotr Graczyk & Hideyuki Ishi & Salha Mamane, 2019. "Wishart exponential families on cones related to tridiagonal matrices," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 71(2), pages 439-471, April.
    18. Tatsuya Kubokawa & Muni S. Srivastava, 2013. "Optimal Ridge-type Estimators of Covariance Matrix in High Dimension," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-906, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.

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