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Trend-cycle decomposition allowing for multiple smooth structural changes in the trend of US real GDP

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  • Enders, Walter
  • Li, Jing

Abstract

A key feature of Flexible Fourier Form (FFF) is that the essential characteristics of multiple structural changes can be captured using a small number of low frequency components from a Fourier approximation. We introduce a variant of the FFF into the trend function of US real GDP in order to allow for gradual effects of unknown numbers of structural changes occurring at unknown dates. We find that the hypothesis of no changes can be rejected, and the Fourier components are significant. Our new cycle matches the NBER chronology very well, especially for the Great Recession of 2009.

Suggested Citation

  • Enders, Walter & Li, Jing, 2015. "Trend-cycle decomposition allowing for multiple smooth structural changes in the trend of US real GDP," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 71-81.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmacro:v:44:y:2015:i:c:p:71-81
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmacro.2015.02.002
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Trend-cycle decomposition; Flexible Fourier form; Smooth structural changes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models

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