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Firm profitability: Mean-reverting or random-walk behavior?

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  • Canarella, Giorgio
  • Miller, Stephen M.
  • Nourayi, Mahmoud M.

Abstract

We analyze the stochastic properties of three measures of profitability, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and return on investment (ROI), using a balanced panel of US firms during the period 2001–2010. We employ a panel unit-root approach, which assists in identifying competitive outcomes versus situations that require regulatory intervention to achieve more competitive outcomes. Based upon conventional panel unit-root tests, we find substantial evidence supporting mean-reversion, which, in turn, lends support to the long-standing “competitive environment” hypothesis originally set forward by Mueller (1977). These results, however, prove contaminated by the assumption of cross-section independence. After controlling for cross-section dependence, we find that profitability evolves as a non-stationary process in some sectors in the US economy. Our findings, especially taken as a whole, remain fairly robust to various assumptions regarding the underlying data generation process.

Suggested Citation

  • Canarella, Giorgio & Miller, Stephen M. & Nourayi, Mahmoud M., 2013. "Firm profitability: Mean-reverting or random-walk behavior?," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 76-97.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jebusi:v:66:y:2013:i:c:p:76-97
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2012.11.002
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cross-section dependence; Unit roots; Panel data; Hysteresis; Firm profitability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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