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The dynamic impact of unilateral environmental policies

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  • Hémous, David

Abstract

This paper builds a two-country, two-sector (polluting, nonpolluting) trade model with directed technical change, examining whether unilateral environmental policies can ensure sustainable growth. The emission rate of the polluting sector depends on its relative use of a clean and a dirty input. A unilateral policy combining clean research subsidies and a trade tax can ensure sustainable growth, while unilateral carbon taxes alone increase innovation in the polluting sector abroad and generally cannot ensure sustainable growth. Relative to autarky and exogenous technical change respectively, trade and directed technical change accelerate environmental degradation either under laissez-faire or with unilateral carbon taxes, yet both help reduce environmental degradation under the appropriate unilateral policy. I characterize the optimal unilateral policy analytically and numerically using calibrated simulations. Knowledge spillovers have the potential to reduce the otherwise large welfare costs of restricting policy to onecountry.

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  • Hémous, David, 2016. "The dynamic impact of unilateral environmental policies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 80-95.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:inecon:v:103:y:2016:i:c:p:80-95
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2016.09.001
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    4. Oladi, Reza & Caplan, Arthur J. & Gilbert, John, 2018. "Sequestration and the engagement of developing economies in a global carbon market," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 50-63.
    5. Yang, Jun & Yang, Dingjian & Cheng, Jixin, 2024. "The non-rivalry of data, directed technical change and the environment: A theoretical study incorporating data as a production factor," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 417-448.
    6. Martin Beraja & David Y Yang & Noam Yuchtman, 2023. "Data-intensive Innovation and the State: Evidence from AI Firms in China," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 90(4), pages 1701-1723.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Climate change; Environment; Directed technical change; Innovation; Trade; Unilateral policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • F42 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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