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Enhancing the security of aircraft surveillance in the next generation air traffic control system

Author

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  • Finke, Cindy
  • Butts, Jonathan
  • Mills, Robert
  • Grimaila, Michael

Abstract

The U.S. air traffic control system is reliant on legacy systems that artificially limit air traffic capacity. With the demand for air transportation increasing each year, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration has introduced the Next Generation (NextGen) upgrade to modernize the air traffic control system. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), a key component of the NextGen upgrade, enables an aircraft to generate and broadcast digital messages that contain the GPS coordinates of aircraft. The incorporation of ADS-B is intended to provide enhanced accuracy and efficiency of surveillance as well as aircraft safety. The open design of the system, however, introduces some security concerns. This paper evaluates the limitations of the legacy systems currently used in air traffic control and explores the feasibility of employing format-preserving encryption, specifically the FFX algorithm, in the ADS-B environment. The ability of the algorithm to confuse and diffuse predictable message input is examined using message entropy as a metric. Based on the analysis, recommendations are provided that highlight areas which should be examined for inclusion in the ADS-B upgrade plan.

Suggested Citation

  • Finke, Cindy & Butts, Jonathan & Mills, Robert & Grimaila, Michael, 2013. "Enhancing the security of aircraft surveillance in the next generation air traffic control system," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 6(1), pages 3-11.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijocip:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:3-11
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcip.2013.02.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. McCallie, Donald & Butts, Jonathan & Mills, Robert, 2011. "Security analysis of the ADS-B implementation in the next generation air transportation system," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 78-87.
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    Cited by:

    1. Riahi Manesh, Mohsen & Kaabouch, Naima, 2017. "Analysis of vulnerabilities, attacks, countermeasures and overall risk of the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 16-31.
    2. Rudys, Saulius & Aleksandravicius, Jurgis & Aleksiejunas, Rimvydas & Konovaltsev, Andriy & Zhu, Chen & Greda, Lukasz, 2022. "Physical layer protection for ADS-B against spoofing and jamming," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).

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