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Detecting accounting fraud in companies reporting under US GAAP through data mining

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  • Papík, Mário
  • Papíková, Lenka

Abstract

The accounting fraud detection models developed on financial data prepared under US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the current literature achieve significantly weaker performance than models based on financial data prepared under different accounting standards. This study contributes to the US GAAP accounting fraud data mining literature through the attainment of higher model performance than that reported in the prior literature. Financial data from the 10-K forms of 320 fraudulent financial statements (80 fraudulent companies) and 1,200 nonfraudulent financial statements (240 nonfraudulent companies) were collected from the US Security and Exchange Commission. The eight most commonly used data mining techniques were applied to develop prediction models. The results were cross-validated on a testing dataset and then compared according to parameters of accuracy, F-measure, and type I and II errors with existing studies from the US, China, Greece, and Taiwan. As a result, the developed predictive models for accounting fraud achieved performance comparable to those achieved by models built on data from other accounting standards. Moreover, the developed models also significantly outperformed (accuracy 10.5%, F-measure 16.1%, type I error 12.2% and type II error 15.2%) existing studies based on US GAAP financial data. Furthermore, this study provides an extensive literature review encompassing recent accounting fraud theory. It enhances the existing US fraud data mining literature with a performance comparison of studies based on other accounting standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Papík, Mário & Papíková, Lenka, 2022. "Detecting accounting fraud in companies reporting under US GAAP through data mining," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:45:y:2022:i:c:s1467089522000112
    DOI: 10.1016/j.accinf.2022.100559
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Ying & Xiao, Zhi & Gao, Ruize & Wang, Chang, 2024. "Using data-driven methods to detect financial statement fraud in the real scenario," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    2. Evangelos Liaras & Michail Nerantzidis & Antonios Alexandridis, 2024. "Machine learning in accounting and finance research: a literature review," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 63(4), pages 1431-1471, November.
    3. Ludivia Hernandez Aros & Luisa Ximena Bustamante Molano & Fernando Gutierrez-Portela & John Johver Moreno Hernandez & Mario Samuel Rodríguez Barrero, 2024. "Financial fraud detection through the application of machine learning techniques: a literature review," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Accounting fraud; Data mining; US GAAP; Machine learning; Fraud prediction; Financial statement; Beneish model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting
    • M42 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Auditing

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