IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/iepoli/v47y2019icp38-51.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Deep learning in exchange markets

Author

Listed:
  • Gonçalves, Rui
  • Ribeiro, Vitor Miguel
  • Pereira, Fernando Lobo
  • Rocha, Ana Paula

Abstract

We present the implementation of a short-term forecasting system of price movements in exchange markets using market depth data and a systematic procedure to enable a fully automated trading system. Three types of Deep Learning (DL) Neural Network (NN) methodologies are trained and tested: Deep NN Classifier (DNNC), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional NN (CNN). Although the LSTM is more suitable for multivariate time series analysis from a theoretical point of view, test results indicate that the CNN has on average the best predictive power in the case study under analysis, which is the UK to Win Horse Racing market during pre-live stage in the world’s most relevant betting exchange. Implications from the generalized use of automated trading systems in betting exchange markets are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Gonçalves, Rui & Ribeiro, Vitor Miguel & Pereira, Fernando Lobo & Rocha, Ana Paula, 2019. "Deep learning in exchange markets," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 38-51.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:iepoli:v:47:y:2019:i:c:p:38-51
    DOI: 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2019.05.002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167624518300702
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2019.05.002?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alasdair Brown & Fuyu Yang, 2017. "The Role of Speculative Trade in Market Efficiency: Evidence from a Betting Exchange," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(2), pages 583-603.
    2. Zhao, Yang & Li, Jianping & Yu, Lean, 2017. "A deep learning ensemble approach for crude oil price forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 9-16.
    3. Huck, Nicolas, 2009. "Pairs selection and outranking: An application to the S&P 100 index," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 196(2), pages 819-825, July.
    4. Wang, Huai-zhi & Li, Gang-qiang & Wang, Gui-bin & Peng, Jian-chun & Jiang, Hui & Liu, Yi-tao, 2017. "Deep learning based ensemble approach for probabilistic wind power forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 56-70.
    5. Fischer, Thomas & Krauss, Christopher, 2018. "Deep learning with long short-term memory networks for financial market predictions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 270(2), pages 654-669.
    6. Huck, Nicolas, 2010. "Pairs trading and outranking: The multi-step-ahead forecasting case," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(3), pages 1702-1716, December.
    7. Hal R. Varian, 2014. "Big Data: New Tricks for Econometrics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 28(2), pages 3-28, Spring.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hwang, Yoontae & Park, Junpyo & Lee, Yongjae & Lim, Dong-Young, 2023. "Stop-loss adjusted labels for machine learning-based trading of risky assets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PA).
    2. Catherine Rincón-Maya & Fernando Guevara-Carazas & Freddy Hernández-Barajas & Carmen Patino-Rodriguez & Olga Usuga-Manco, 2023. "Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Lithium-Ion Battery Using ICC-CNN-LSTM Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," MetaArXiv haf2v, Center for Open Science.
    4. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," SocArXiv 9vdwf, Center for Open Science.
    5. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," OSF Preprints yc6e2, Center for Open Science.
    6. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," EdArXiv 5dwrt, Center for Open Science.
    7. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," LawArXiv kczj5, Center for Open Science.
    8. Kaijian He & Qian Yang & Lei Ji & Jingcheng Pan & Yingchao Zou, 2023. "Financial Time Series Forecasting with the Deep Learning Ensemble Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, February.
    9. Nosratabadi, Saeed & Mosavi, Amir & Duan, Puhong & Ghamisi, Pedram & Filip, Ferdinand & Band, Shahab S. & Reuter, Uwe & Gama, Joao & Gandomi, Amir H., 2020. "Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods," Thesis Commons auyvc, Center for Open Science.
    10. Asit Kumar Das & Debahuti Mishra & Kaberi Das & Arup Kumar Mohanty & Mazin Abed Mohammed & Alaa S. Al-Waisy & Seifedine Kadry & Jungeun Kim, 2022. "A Deep Network-Based Trade and Trend Analysis System to Observe Entry and Exit Points in the Forex Market," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(19), pages 1-23, October.
    11. Saeed Nosratabadi & Amirhosein Mosavi & Puhong Duan & Pedram Ghamisi & Ferdinand Filip & Shahab S. Band & Uwe Reuter & Joao Gama & Amir H. Gandomi, 2020. "Data Science in Economics: Comprehensive Review of Advanced Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-25, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Huck, Nicolas, 2019. "Large data sets and machine learning: Applications to statistical arbitrage," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 278(1), pages 330-342.
    2. Kolesnikova, A. & Yang, Y. & Lessmann, S. & Ma, T. & Sung, M.-C. & Johnson, J.E.V., 2019. "Can Deep Learning Predict Risky Retail Investors? A Case Study in Financial Risk Behavior Forecasting," IRTG 1792 Discussion Papers 2019-023, Humboldt University of Berlin, International Research Training Group 1792 "High Dimensional Nonstationary Time Series".
    3. Rubesam, Alexandre, 2022. "Machine learning portfolios with equal risk contributions: Evidence from the Brazilian market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(PB).
    4. Kim, A. & Yang, Y. & Lessmann, S. & Ma, T. & Sung, M.-C. & Johnson, J.E.V., 2020. "Can deep learning predict risky retail investors? A case study in financial risk behavior forecasting," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 283(1), pages 217-234.
    5. Pushpendu Ghosh & Ariel Neufeld & Jajati Keshari Sahoo, 2020. "Forecasting directional movements of stock prices for intraday trading using LSTM and random forests," Papers 2004.10178, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2021.
    6. Krauss, Christopher & Do, Xuan Anh & Huck, Nicolas, 2017. "Deep neural networks, gradient-boosted trees, random forests: Statistical arbitrage on the S&P 500," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(2), pages 689-702.
    7. Omer Berat Sezer & Mehmet Ugur Gudelek & Ahmet Murat Ozbayoglu, 2019. "Financial Time Series Forecasting with Deep Learning : A Systematic Literature Review: 2005-2019," Papers 1911.13288, arXiv.org.
    8. Yong Shi & Wei Dai & Wen Long & Bo Li, 2021. "Deep Kernel Gaussian Process Based Financial Market Predictions," Papers 2105.12293, arXiv.org.
    9. Han, Chulwoo & He, Zhaodong & Toh, Alenson Jun Wei, 2023. "Pairs trading via unsupervised learning," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 307(2), pages 929-947.
    10. Thomas Günter Fischer & Christopher Krauss & Alexander Deinert, 2019. "Statistical Arbitrage in Cryptocurrency Markets," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, February.
    11. Flori, Andrea & Regoli, Daniele, 2021. "Revealing Pairs-trading opportunities with long short-term memory networks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 295(2), pages 772-791.
    12. Ghosh, Pushpendu & Neufeld, Ariel & Sahoo, Jajati Keshari, 2022. "Forecasting directional movements of stock prices for intraday trading using LSTM and random forests," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PA).
    13. Zhang, Shuai & Chen, Yong & Xiao, Jiuhong & Zhang, Wenyu & Feng, Ruijun, 2021. "Hybrid wind speed forecasting model based on multivariate data secondary decomposition approach and deep learning algorithm with attention mechanism," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 688-704.
    14. Ke Yan & Yuting Dai & Meiling Xu & Yuchang Mo, 2019. "Tunnel Surface Settlement Forecasting with Ensemble Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    15. Zhang, Shuangyi & Li, Xichen, 2021. "Future projections of offshore wind energy resources in China using CMIP6 simulations and a deep learning-based downscaling method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    16. Alexander Jakob Dautel & Wolfgang Karl Härdle & Stefan Lessmann & Hsin-Vonn Seow, 2020. "Forex exchange rate forecasting using deep recurrent neural networks," Digital Finance, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 69-96, September.
    17. Jian Ni & Yue Xu, 2023. "Forecasting the Dynamic Correlation of Stock Indices Based on Deep Learning Method," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(1), pages 35-55, January.
    18. Zhaofeng Zhang & Banghao Chen & Shengxin Zhu & Nicolas Langren'e, 2024. "Quantformer: from attention to profit with a quantitative transformer trading strategy," Papers 2404.00424, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    19. Krauss, Christopher, 2015. "Statistical arbitrage pairs trading strategies: Review and outlook," FAU Discussion Papers in Economics 09/2015, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute for Economics.
    20. Fabian Waldow & Matthias Schnaubelt & Christopher Krauss & Thomas Günter Fischer, 2021. "Machine Learning in Futures Markets," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-14, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Deep learning; Betting exchange; Market depth; Classification;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G17 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Financial Forecasting and Simulation
    • D10 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - General
    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:iepoli:v:47:y:2019:i:c:p:38-51. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505549 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.