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From “retailers” to health care providers: Transforming the role of community pharmacists in chronic disease management

Author

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  • Mossialos, Elias
  • Courtin, Emilie
  • Naci, Huseyin
  • Benrimoj, Shalom
  • Bouvy, Marcel
  • Farris, Karen
  • Noyce, Peter
  • Sketris, Ingrid

Abstract

Community pharmacists are the third largest healthcare professional group in the world after physicians and nurses. Despite their considerable training, community pharmacists are the only health professionals who are not primarily rewarded for delivering health care and hence are under-utilized as public health professionals. An emerging consensus among academics, professional organizations, and policymakers is that community pharmacists, who work outside of hospital settings, should adopt an expanded role in order to contribute to the safe, effective, and efficient use of drugs—particularly when caring for people with multiple chronic conditions. Community pharmacists could help to improve health by reducing drug-related adverse events and promoting better medication adherence, which in turn may help in reducing unnecessary provider visits, hospitalizations, and readmissions while strengthening integrated primary care delivery across the health system. This paper reviews recent strategies to expand the role of community pharmacists in Australia, Canada, England, the Netherlands, Scotland, and the United States. The developments achieved or under way in these countries carry lessons for policymakers world-wide, where progress thus far in expanding the role of community pharmacists has been more limited. Future policies should focus on effectively integrating community pharmacists into primary care; developing a shared vision for different levels of pharmacist services; and devising new incentive mechanisms for improving quality and outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Mossialos, Elias & Courtin, Emilie & Naci, Huseyin & Benrimoj, Shalom & Bouvy, Marcel & Farris, Karen & Noyce, Peter & Sketris, Ingrid, 2015. "From “retailers” to health care providers: Transforming the role of community pharmacists in chronic disease management," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(5), pages 628-639.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:hepoli:v:119:y:2015:i:5:p:628-639
    DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.02.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mossialos, Elias & Naci, Huseyin & Courtin, Emilie, 2013. "Expanding the role of community pharmacists: Policymaking in the absence of policy-relevant evidence?," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 135-148.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Laura Ilardo & Antonio Speciale, 2020. "The Community Pharmacist: Perceived Barriers and Patient-Centered Care Communication," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Claire Coutureau & Florian Slimano & Céline Mongaret & Lukshe Kanagaratnam, 2022. "Impact of Pharmacists-Led Interventions in Primary Care for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes on HbA1c Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Waring, Justin & Latif, Asam & Boyd, Matthew & Barber, Nick & Elliott, Rachel, 2016. "Pastoral power in the community pharmacy: A Foucauldian analysis of services to promote patient adherence to new medicine use," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 123-130.
    4. Jokinen, Lenita & Puumalainen, Inka & Airaksinen, Marja, 2019. "Influence of strategic planning on product marketing and health service orientation of community pharmacies—A national survey in Finland," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(5), pages 462-467.
    5. Anne Buttard & Florent Macé & Laetitia Morvan & Christine Peyron, 2019. "Community pharmacists in the coordination of primary cares in France: some issues [Pharmaciens et coordination des soins primaires en France : quels enjeux ?]," Working Papers hal-02022686, HAL.
    6. Jagoda Miszewska & Natalia Wrzosek & Agnieszka Zimmermann, 2022. "Extended Prescribing Roles for Pharmacists in Poland—A Survey Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    7. Kingston Rajiah & Shreeta Sivarasa & Mari Kannan Maharajan, 2021. "Impact of Pharmacists’ Interventions and Patients’ Decision on Health Outcomes in Terms of Medication Adherence and Quality Use of Medicines among Patients Attending Community Pharmacies: A Systematic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-14, April.
    8. Anderson, Michael & O'Neill, Ciaran & Macleod Clark, Jill & Street, Andrew & Woods, Michael & Johnston-Webber, Charlotte & Charlesworth, Anita & Whyte, Moira & Foster, Margaret & Majeed, Azeem & Pitch, 2021. "Securing a sustainable and fit-for-purpose UK health and care workforce," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 110809, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Sarah Al Assaf & Romana Zelko & Balazs Hanko, 2022. "The Effect of Interventions Led by Community Pharmacists in Primary Care for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Therapeutic Adherence and HbA1c Levels: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-16, May.
    10. Patton, Sarah J. & Miller, Fiona A. & Abrahamyan, Lusine & Rac, Valeria E., 2018. "Expanding the clinical role of community pharmacy: A qualitative ethnographic study of medication reviews in Ontario, Canada," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(3), pages 256-262.
    11. Perraudin, Clémence & Bugnon, Olivier & Pelletier-Fleury, Nathalie, 2016. "Expanding professional pharmacy services in European community setting: Is it cost-effective? A systematic review for health policy considerations," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(12), pages 1350-1362.
    12. Zhijia Tang & Pema Lhamu & Hua Ye & Lan Hong & Xiaoqiang Xiang, 2020. "Current Perceptions and Improvement Approaches of Pharmaceutical Care Capacity of Community Pharmacists: A Quantitative Analysis Based on Survey Data at Chinese Chain Pharmacies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-13, October.
    13. Caterina Cavicchi & Emidia Vagnoni, 2020. "Sustainable Business Models in Hybrids: A Conceptual Framework for Community Pharmacies’ Business Owners," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, October.
    14. van de Pol, Jeroen M. & Heringa, Mette & Koster, Ellen S. & Bouvy, Marcel L., 2021. "Preferences of patients regarding community pharmacy services: A discrete choice experiment," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(11), pages 1415-1420.
    15. Allin, Sara & Martin, Elisabeth & Rudoler, David & Church Carson, Michael & Grudniewicz, Agnes & Jopling, Sydney & Strumpf, Erin, 2021. "Comparing public policies impacting prescribing and medication management in primary care in two Canadian provinces," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(9), pages 1121-1130.
    16. Anna M. Jambrina & Neus Rams & Pilar Rius & Maria Perelló & Montserrat Gironès & Clara Pareja & Francisco José Pérez-Cano & Àngels Franch & Manel Rabanal, 2022. "Creation and Implementation of a New Sentinel Surveillance Model in Pharmacy Offices in Southern Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-13, July.
    17. Sonja Kallio & Tiina Eskola & Marika Pohjanoksa-Mäntylä & Marja Airaksinen, 2020. "Medication Risk Management in Routine Dispensing in Community Pharmacies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-12, November.

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