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Estimating the effect of entrenched boards on firm value using geographic identification

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  • Chintrakarn, Pandej
  • Jiraporn, Pornsit
  • Tong, Shenghui
  • Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn

Abstract

We show that firms located geographically close to one another share a similar probability of having staggered boards (or classified boards), an effect probably due to investor clientele, local competition, and social interactions. We then exploit the variation across the zip codes in the incidence of staggered boards and estimate the effect of staggered boards on firm value (measured by Tobin’s Q). We use as our instrumental variable the proportion of firms located in the same zip code that have staggered boards, excluding firm i. The evidence shows that staggered boards reduce firm value significantly.

Suggested Citation

  • Chintrakarn, Pandej & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Tong, Shenghui & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn, 2015. "Estimating the effect of entrenched boards on firm value using geographic identification," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 12(C), pages 109-116.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:12:y:2015:i:c:p:109-116
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2014.11.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Gigante, Gimede & Angioni, Ottavio, 2023. "The impact of preventive takeover defences on corporate financial performance: Evidence from the US," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PA).
    2. Nopparat Wongsinhirun & Pattanaporn Chatjuthamard & Pornsit Jiraporn & Piyachart Phiromswad, 2022. "Do takeover threats influence corporate social responsibility? Evidence from hostile takeover vulnerability," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(5), pages 1203-1213, September.
    3. Kozłowski, Łukasz, 2016. "Synergy or downward competition? Interactions between small credit institutions in local markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 16(C), pages 66-74.
    4. Wongsinhirun, Nopparat & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2023. "Corporate culture and board gender diversity: Evidence from textual analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    5. Pornsit Jiraporn & Mondher Bouattour & Amal Hamrouni & Ali Uyar, 2019. "Does board gender diversity influence dividend policy? Evidence from France," Post-Print hal-04754236, HAL.
    6. Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Mook Lee, Sang & Kim, Young S. & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Potosky, Denise, 2024. "Climate change and shareholder value: Evidence from textual analysis and Trump’s unexpected victory," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    7. Anutchanat Jaroenjitrkam & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2022. "Does shareholder litigation risk promote or hinder corporate social responsibility? A quasi‐natural experiment," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(3), pages 657-674, May.
    8. Li, Yingqi & Yu, Junli & Zhang, Zhou & Zheng, Steven Xiaofan, 2016. "The effect of internal control weakness on firm valuation: Evidence from SOX Section 404 disclosures," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 17-24.
    9. Viput Ongsakul & Pornsit Jiraporn & Sirimon Treepongkaruna, 2021. "Does managerial ownership influence corporate social responsibility (CSR)? The role of economic policy uncertainty," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(1), pages 763-779, March.
    10. Chindasombatcharoen, Pongsapak & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2023. "Corporate culture, cultural diversification, and independent directors: Evidence from earnings conference calls," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    11. Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Ongsakul, Viput & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2022. "Corporate complexity, managerial myopia, and hostile takeover exposure: Evidence from textual analysis," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    12. Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Lee, Sang Mook & Sarajoti, Pattarake, 2024. "Customer concentration, managerial risk aversion, and hostile takeover threats," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 268-279.
    13. Pattanaporn Chatjuthamard & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn & Napatsorn Jiraporn, 2021. "Does firm‐level political risk influence corporate social responsibility (CSR)? Evidence from earnings conference calls," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 56(4), pages 721-741, November.
    14. Chindasombatcharoen, Pongsapak & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Treepongkaruna, Sirimon, 2023. "Director age and corporate innovation: Evidence from textual analysis," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    15. Pornsit Jiraporn & Mondher Bouattour & Amal Hamrouni & Ali Uyar, 2019. "Does board gender diversity influence dividend policy? Evidence from France," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(4), pages 2942-2954.
    16. Takakorn Likitapiwat & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2023. "CSR variability, managerial risk aversion, and hostile takeover threats," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(2), pages 773-790, March.
    17. Suparatana Tanthanongsakkun & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2023. "Carbon emissions, corporate governance, and staggered boards," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(1), pages 769-780, January.
    18. Ongsakul, Viput & Papangkorn, Suwongrat & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2023. "Estimating the effect of climate change exposure on firm value using climate policy uncertainty: A text-based approach," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C).
    19. Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Wongboonsin, Patcharawalai & Kongsompong, Kritika & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2020. "How do socially controversial companies do during a stressful time? Evidence from the Great Recession," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    20. Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Khine Kyaw & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2024. "ESG controversies and corporate governance: Evidence from board size," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(5), pages 4218-4232, July.
    21. Ongsakul, Viput & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Chaivisuttangkun, Sirithida, 2021. "Corporate integrity and hostile takeover threats: Evidence from machine learning and “CEO luck”," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Staggered boards; Classified boards; Entrenched boards; Firm value; Geography;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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