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The effects of using biodiesel on CI (compression ignition) engine and optimization of its production by using response surface methodology

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  • Abuhabaya, Abdullah
  • Fieldhouse, John
  • Brown, David

Abstract

Bio-fuel production provides an alternative non-fossil fuel without the need to redesign current engine technology. This study presents an experimental investigation into the effects of using biodiesel blends on diesel engine performance and its emissions. The biodiesel fuels were produced from Sunflower oil using the transesterification process with low molecular weight alcohols and sodium hydroxide then tested on a steady state engine test rig using a Euro 4 four cylinder CI (compression ignition) engine. This study also shows how by blending biodiesel with diesel fuel at intervals of B5, B10, B15, and B20 can decrease harmful gas emissions significantly while maintaining similar performance output and efficiency. Production optimization was achieved by changing the variables which included methanol/oil molar ratio, NaOH catalyst concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature, and rate of mixing to maximize biodiesel yield. The technique used was the RSM (response surface methodology). In addition, a second-order model was developed to predict the biodiesel yield if the production criteria is known. The model was validated using additional experimental testing. It was determined that the catalyst concentration and molar ratio of methanol to sunflower oil were the most influential variables affecting percentage conversion to fuel and percentage initial absorbance.

Suggested Citation

  • Abuhabaya, Abdullah & Fieldhouse, John & Brown, David, 2013. "The effects of using biodiesel on CI (compression ignition) engine and optimization of its production by using response surface methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 56-62.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:59:y:2013:i:c:p:56-62
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.06.056
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Salvi, B.L. & Panwar, N.L., 2012. "Biodiesel resources and production technologies – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3680-3689.
    2. Yuan, Xingzhong & Liu, Jia & Zeng, Guangming & Shi, Jingang & Tong, Jingyi & Huang, Guohe, 2008. "Optimization of conversion of waste rapeseed oil with high FFA to biodiesel using response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1678-1684.
    3. Enweremadu, C.C. & Rutto, H.L., 2010. "Combustion, emission and engine performance characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 2863-2873, December.
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    7. D´Agosto, Márcio de Almeida & da Silva, Marcelino Aurélio Vieira & Franca, Luíza Santana & de Oliveira, Cíntia Machado & Alexandre, Manuel Oliveira Lemos & da Costa Marques, Luiz Guilherme & Murta, Au, 2017. "Comparative study of emissions from stationary engines using biodiesel made from soybean oil, palm oil and waste frying oil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1376-1392.
    8. Najafi, Gholamhassan & Ghobadian, Barat & Yusaf, Talal & Safieddin Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad & Mamat, Rizalman, 2015. "Optimization of performance and exhaust emission parameters of a SI (spark ignition) engine with gasoline–ethanol blended fuels using response surface methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1815-1829.

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