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Balancing wind energy and participating in electricity markets with a fuel cell population

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  • Heinz, Boris
  • Henkel, Johannes

Abstract

In this paper an integrated fuel cell/household model is developed in order to assess the capability of fuel cells to fulfil different tasks in the energy market. The dynamic properties of two stationary combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems were determined experimentally and serve as a basis for the development of the model. Based on this model, the possible contributions of fuel cell systems to a decentralized supply structure are investigated. The results show that if more than 24 households with a fuel cell are interconnected, the fuel cells are able to cover 99.6% of the entire household electricity demand. Additionally, German wind energy feed-in compensation is modelled. Here the results show that the influence on the wind power feed-in is limited because only for a small number of days with wind power production above median level the virtual fuel cell power plant can compensate the wind power feed-in by reducing its output. Thirdly, the potential use of excess electrical capacity from larger fuel cell populations sold at an energy exchange is examined. Here the simulation results show that trading can generate contribution margins of between 140 and 200 Euros per year. Consequently, fuel cells could be significant at the energy exchange, if fuel cell investment costs decreased in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Heinz, Boris & Henkel, Johannes, 2012. "Balancing wind energy and participating in electricity markets with a fuel cell population," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 188-195.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:188-195
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.07.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lund, Henrik & Andersen, Anders N. & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Connolly, David, 2012. "From electricity smart grids to smart energy systems – A market operation based approach and understanding," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 96-102.
    2. Quiggin, Daniel & Cornell, Sarah & Tierney, Michael & Buswell, Richard, 2012. "A simulation and optimisation study: Towards a decentralised microgrid, using real world fluctuation data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 549-559.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Liwei & Zhang, Houcheng & Gao, Songhua & Yan, Huixian, 2014. "Performance optimum analysis of an irreversible molten carbonate fuel cell–Stirling heat engine hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 923-930.
    2. Andersen, Anders N. & Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2020. "Support schemes adapting district energy combined heat and power for the role as a flexibility provider in renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Wu, Zhen & Zhu, Pengfei & Yao, Jing & Tan, Peng & Xu, Haoran & Chen, Bin & Yang, Fusheng & Zhang, Zaoxiao & Ni, Meng, 2020. "Thermo-economic modeling and analysis of an NG-fueled SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid energy conversion system for stationary electricity power generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

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