IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v306y2024ics036054422402098x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Thermal management of photovoltaic panels using phase change materials and hierarchical ZnO/expanded graphite nanofillers

Author

Listed:
  • Sharifzadeh, Esmail
  • Rahimi, Masoud
  • Azimi, Neda
  • Abolhasani, Mahdieh

Abstract

Although PV panels are widely used to generate electricity from solar energy, their most important defect is the reduction of electrical efficiency with the increase of their temperature. The aims of this research is thermal management of a PV panel using phase change materials (PCM) and hierarchical ZnO/expanded graphite (EG) nanofillers to increase its production capacity. Two types of ZnO nanoparticles (rod- and flower-shaped) are synthesized using sonochemical method, and doped on EG particles to improve the thermal conductivity of the PCMs. A new bio-PCM consisting of oleic acid and beeswax is prepared and its performance is compared with paraffin and beeswax. The effect of PCM thickness (h=10-30 mm) and weight fraction of nanoparticles (ϕ = 1–5%wt) on temperature (Ts,ave), open-circuit voltage, current, and electrical performance of the PV panel is investigated. Results show that Ts,ave for pure paraffin, beeswax and bio-PCM has decreased from 64.23oC (without cooling) to 54.11oC, 57.15oC and 51.41oC, respectively. For all PCMs, adding flower-shaped ZnO/EG particles shows better results compared to rod-shaped one. The composite of bio-PCM with ZnO/EG has a higher positive effect on Ts,ave reduction and in generating voltage compared to paraffin and beeswax. PCMs composed of ZnO/EG particles with ϕ=5 wt% exhibited the minimum values of electrical efficiency. In addition, Ts,ave decreased intensively from h=10 mm to h=25 mm, but no significant difference is observed between h=25 mm and h=30 mm. The bio-PCM has proper melting point and heat storage capacity to cool down PV panel, which led to high power production. The maximum electrical efficiency is achieved using composite of bio-PCM and flower-shaped ZnO/EG particles at h=25 mm, which is circa 12.88 %.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharifzadeh, Esmail & Rahimi, Masoud & Azimi, Neda & Abolhasani, Mahdieh, 2024. "Thermal management of photovoltaic panels using phase change materials and hierarchical ZnO/expanded graphite nanofillers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:306:y:2024:i:c:s036054422402098x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132324
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422402098X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132324?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cui, Tengfei & Xuan, Yimin & Yin, Ershuai & Li, Qiang & Li, Dianhong, 2017. "Experimental investigation on potential of a concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric system with phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 94-102.
    2. Tawfik, M. & Tonnellier, X. & Sansom, C., 2018. "Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 802-813.
    3. Browne, M.C. & Norton, B. & McCormack, S.J., 2015. "Phase change materials for photovoltaic thermal management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 762-782.
    4. Wang, Kai & Yan, Ting & Zhao, Y.M. & Li, G.D. & Pan, W.G., 2022. "Preparation and thermal properties of palmitic acid @ZnO/Expanded graphite composite phase change material for heat storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    5. Khoshnazm, Mohammad Javad & Marzban, Ali & Azimi, Neda, 2023. "Performance enhancement of photovoltaic panels integrated with thermoelectric generators and phase change materials: Optimization and analysis of thermoelectric arrangement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    6. Luo, Zhenyu & Zhu, Na & Hu, Pingfang & Lei, Fei & Zhang, Yaxi, 2022. "Simulation study on performance of PV-PCM-TE system for year-round analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 263-273.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gilmore, Nicholas & Timchenko, Victoria & Menictas, Chris, 2018. "Microchannel cooling of concentrator photovoltaics: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 1041-1059.
    2. Cengiz, Mazlum & Kayri, İsmail & Aydın, Hüseyin, 2024. "A collated overview on the evaporative cooling applications for photovoltaic modules," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    3. He, Y. & Tao, Y.B. & Ye, H., 2023. "Periodic energy transmission and regulation of photovoltaic-phase change material-thermoelectric coupled system under space conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    4. Chwieduk, Bartosz & Chwieduk, Dorota, 2021. "Analysis of operation and energy performance of a heat pump driven by a PV system for space heating of a single family house in polish conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P2), pages 117-126.
    5. Sripadmanabhan Indira, Sridhar & Aravind Vaithilingam, Chockalingam & Sivasubramanian, Ramsundar & Chong, Kok-Keong & Narasingamurthi, Kulasekharan & Saidur, R., 2022. "Prototype of a novel hybrid concentrator photovoltaic/thermal and solar thermoelectric generator system for outdoor study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 224-239.
    6. Liu, Liu & Niu, Jianlei & Wu, Jian-Yong, 2023. "Improving energy efficiency of photovoltaic/thermal systems by cooling with PCM nano-emulsions: An indoor experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 568-582.
    7. Ma, Ying & Wei, Rongrong & Zuo, Hongyan & Zuo, Qingsong & Luo, Xiaoyu & Chen, Ying & Wu, Shuying & Chen, Wei, 2024. "N-doped EG@MOFs derived porous carbon composite phase change materials for thermal optimization of Li-ion batteries at low temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    8. Zhu, Qibin & Xuan, Yimin & Liu, Xianglei & Yang, Lili & Lian, Wenlei & Zhang, Jin, 2020. "A 130 kWe solar simulator with tunable ultra-high flux and characterization using direct multiple lamps mapping," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    9. Paola Herrera & Hector De la Hoz Siegler & Matthew Clarke, 2024. "Fatty Acids as Phase Change Materials for Building Applications: Drawbacks and Future Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-24, September.
    10. Sohani, Ali & Cornaro, Cristina & Shahverdian, Mohammad Hassan & Hoseinzadeh, Siamak & Moser, David & Nastasi, Benedetto & Sayyaadi, Hoseyn & Astiaso Garcia, Davide, 2023. "Thermography and machine learning combination for comprehensive analysis of transient response of a photovoltaic module to water cooling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 451-461.
    11. Zhang, Jin & Xuan, Yimin, 2019. "The electric feature synergy in the photovoltaic - Thermoelectric hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 387-394.
    12. Sobek, Szymon & Werle, Sebastian, 2019. "Solar pyrolysis of waste biomass: Part 1 reactor design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1939-1948.
    13. Isaza, Alejandra & Kay, Merlinde & Evans, Jason P. & Prasad, Abhnil & Bremner, Stephen, 2023. "Maximizing photovoltaic potential and minimizing costs in a future warmer climate: The role of atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gas emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P2).
    14. Zhang, Jiangyun & Shao, Dan & Jiang, Liqin & Zhang, Guoqing & Wu, Hongwei & Day, Rodney & Jiang, Wenzhao, 2022. "Advanced thermal management system driven by phase change materials for power lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    15. Liu, Yali & Li, Ming & Emam Hassanien, Reda Hassanien & Wang, Yunfeng & Tang, Runsheng & Zhang, Ying, 2024. "Fabrication of shape-stable glycine water-based phase-change material using modified expanded graphite for cold energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    16. Meng, Jing-Hui & Gao, De-Yang & Liu, Yan & Zhang, Kai & Lu, Gui, 2022. "Heat transfer mechanism and structure design of phase change materials to improve thermoelectric device performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    17. Yin, Ershuai & Li, Qiang & Xuan, Yimin, 2018. "A novel optimal design method for concentration spectrum splitting photovoltaic–thermoelectric hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 519-532.
    18. Gao, Yuanzhi & Dai, Zhaofeng & Wu, Dongxu & Wang, Changling & Chen, Bo & Zhang, Xiaosong, 2022. "Transient performance assessment of a hybrid PV-TEG system integrated with PCM under non-uniform radiation conditions: A numerical investigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 352-366.
    19. Karthick, A. & Murugavel, K. Kalidasa & Ramanan, P., 2018. "Performance enhancement of a building-integrated photovoltaic module using phase change material," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 803-812.
    20. Vasileios Kapsalis & Grigorios Kyriakopoulos & Miltiadis Zamparas & Athanasios Tolis, 2021. "Investigation of the Photon to Charge Conversion and Its Implication on Photovoltaic Cell Efficient Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:306:y:2024:i:c:s036054422402098x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.