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Study on the effects of water content and layer orientation on mechanical properties and failure mechanism of shale

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  • Wang, Chenyu
  • Li, Shujian
  • Zhang, Dongming
  • Yu, Beichen
  • Wang, Xiaolei

Abstract

In hydraulic fracturing, the drilling direction and hydraulic pressure can be simulated by the layer orientation (θ) and water content (ω) of the Brazilian splitting test. In this study, Brazilian splitting and acoustic emission tests of shale were carried out. The results show that the development characteristics of primary and secondary cracks are dominated by layer orientation(θ) and water content(ω), respectively. When θ = 60°, the layer shear slips significantly aggravate the crack rapid propagation. The cumulative AE count, tensile strength (σtm), tensile elastic modulus (Et) and brittleness index (BIt) are negatively correlated with water content (ω), and the average decreasing rates are 35.4%, 22.3%, 28.1% and 26.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, these parameters are minimum near θ = 60°. The fractal dimension (Df) of AE signal is positively correlated with the shale fracture complexity. As the layer orientation(θ) and water content(ω) significantly affects crack propagation and conductivity in shale, the drilling angle of 77° and the pressure of 10 MPa are selected in hydraulic fracturing to ensure the crack expansion capacity and avoid crack closure. The study can serve as a reference for hydraulic fracturing and shale gas extraction.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Chenyu & Li, Shujian & Zhang, Dongming & Yu, Beichen & Wang, Xiaolei, 2023. "Study on the effects of water content and layer orientation on mechanical properties and failure mechanism of shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:271:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223004449
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127050
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Feng, Gan & Kang, Yong & Sun, Ze-dong & Wang, Xiao-chuan & Hu, Yao-qing, 2019. "Effects of supercritical CO2 adsorption on the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanisms of shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 870-882.
    2. Zenghui Zhao & Mingzhong Zhang & Qing Ma & Baosen Chen, 2020. "Deviation Effect of Coaxiality on the Rock Brazilian Split," Advances in Mathematical Physics, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-8, February.
    3. Zhou, Junping & Tian, Shifeng & Zhou, Lei & Xian, Xuefu & Yang, Kang & Jiang, Yongdong & Zhang, Chengpeng & Guo, Yaowen, 2020. "Experimental investigation on the influence of sub- and super-critical CO2 saturation time on the permeability of fractured shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    4. Wang, Xiaolei & Zhang, Dongming & Liu, Huihui & Jin, Zhehui & Yue, Tongfang & Zhang, Hao, 2022. "Investigation on the influences of CO2 adsorption on the mechanical properties of anthracite by Brazilian splitting test," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    5. Bin Liu & Haomin Sang & Zhiqiang Wang & Yongshui Kang, 2020. "Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Rock Fracture after Grouting Reinforcement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-12, September.
    6. An, Qiyi & Zhang, Qingsong & Li, Xianghui & Yu, Hao & Zhang, Xiao, 2022. "Experimental study on alteration kinetics for predicting rock mechanics damage caused by SC-CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
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    1. Wang, Chenyu & Geng, Jiabo & Zhang, Dongming & Li, Shujian & Wang, Xiaolei & Li, Qinglin, 2023. "Investigation on damage evolution law of anisotropic shale at different hydraulic pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    2. Li, Haoran & Wei, Qun & Xu, Zhuang & Zhuo, Cuiyao & Dong, Zhikai & Zhao, Weigang & Shi, Xilin, 2024. "Empirical analysis of unloading creep damage mechanism of salt rock at 110 °C," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).

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