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Hydrogen production from wastes

Author

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  • Wallman, P.H
  • Thorsness, C.B
  • Winter, J.D

Abstract

A process for the conversion of municipal solid waste, automobile shredder residue and other plastic/rubber wastes to hydrogen is described both from a technical and an economic point of view. Pilot-plant and modeling results are tools in the analysis. The conversion is carried out in two major process steps. The first or pre-treatment step is based on pyrolysis and results in an intermediate product containing approximately 90% of the primary feed in a suitable physical form for the second step. This second step is Texaco's high-temperature, high-pressure gasifier which is based on partial oxidation and converts the organic components to synthesis gas (CO and H2). Total thermal conversion efficiency for waste to hydrogen is found to be a strong function of feedstock quality. For typical MSW feedstocks, an efficiency of 40–50% is predicted for an integrated process. Fossil-fuel feedstocks such as waste plastics and scrap tires result in efficiencies of the order 60–70%. The cost of produced hydrogen is approximately $15/GJ for typical MSW with a tipping fee of $50/ton, but drops to $6/ton for high-plastics waste that carry a tipping fee of $100/ton.

Suggested Citation

  • Wallman, P.H & Thorsness, C.B & Winter, J.D, 1998. "Hydrogen production from wastes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 271-278.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:23:y:1998:i:4:p:271-278
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(97)00089-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Parker, Nathan C, 2007. "Optimizing the Design of Biomass Hydrogen Supply Chains Using Real-World Spatial Distributions: A Case Study Using California Rice Straw," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt8sp9n37c, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    2. Bujak, Janusz Wojciech, 2015. "Production of waste energy and heat in hospital facilities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 350-362.
    3. Sri Devi Kumari, T. & Jebaraj, Adriel J.J. & Raj, T. Antony & Jeyakumar, D. & Kumar, T. Prem, 2016. "A kish graphitic lithium-insertion anode material obtained from non-biodegradable plastic waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 483-493.
    4. Parker, Nathan, 2007. "Optimizing the Design of Biomass Hydrogen Supply ChainsUsing Real-World Spatial Distributions: A Case Study Using California Rice Straw," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt5kr728sp, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    5. Campbell, Petra E. & McCahey, Sharon & Williams, Brian C. & Beekes, Mark L., 2000. "Coal and plastic waste in a PF boiler," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 223-229, April.
    6. Bujak, Janusz Wojciech, 2015. "Heat recovery from thermal treatment of medical waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1721-1732.
    7. Bujak, Janusz Wojciech, 2015. "Thermal utilization (treatment) of plastic waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1468-1477.
    8. Miranda, Miguel & Cabrita, I. & Pinto, Filomena & Gulyurtlu, I., 2013. "Mixtures of rubber tyre and plastic wastes pyrolysis: A kinetic study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 270-282.

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