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Energy, environmental and economic analysis of windows’ retrofit with solar control films: A case study in Mediterranean climate

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  • Pereira, Júlia
  • Rivero, Cristina Camacho
  • Gomes, M. Glória
  • Rodrigues, A. Moret
  • Marrero, Madelyn

Abstract

The incorporation or the replacement of materials in buildings may decrease the energy use during the operational stage but increase the embodied energy in a building's life cycle. In this study, three different solar control films (SCFs A, B and C) with application on the existing windows of a building are investigated through an energy, environmental and economic perspective over a defined life cycle period. The full replacement of the existing window with a new one is also analyzed as an alternative retrofitting solution. Retrofitting solutions with higher light-to-solar gain ratios showed higher energy savings during the use stage by decreasing the solar gains in a higher proportion than the decrease of the visible transmittance. The best retrofitting solution, SCF C, showed a life cycle energy (LCE) (embodied plus operational energy) and a carbon footprint of 4447 MJ/m2/40 y and 380 kgCO2eq/m2/40 y, respectively, whereas the least performant solution, new window, showed a LCE 1.5 times higher than the average of the three SCFs. The higher LCE value of the new window was found to be related to the higher value of the embodied energy when compared to that of the three SCFs (∼9 times higher than the average of the films).

Suggested Citation

  • Pereira, Júlia & Rivero, Cristina Camacho & Gomes, M. Glória & Rodrigues, A. Moret & Marrero, Madelyn, 2021. "Energy, environmental and economic analysis of windows’ retrofit with solar control films: A case study in Mediterranean climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:233:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221013311
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121083
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Ozarisoy, B. & Altan, H., 2022. "Significance of occupancy patterns and habitual household adaptive behaviour on home-energy performance of post-war social-housing estate in the South-eastern Mediterranean climate: Energy policy desi," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    3. Almeida, Manuela & Ascione, Fabrizio & Iovane, Teresa & Mastellone, Margherita & Mateus, Ricardo, 2024. "Impact of life cycle assessment analysis on energy efficiency projects in Mediterranean residential buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
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    5. Xu Chen & Saihong Zhu & Tianyi Chen, 2022. "Thermal Parameters Calibration and Energy-Saving Evaluation of Spectral Selective Absorption Film Coated Glazing System Based on Heat Transfer Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-12, April.
    6. Silvia Ruggiero & Marco Iannantuono & Anastasia Fotopoulou & Dimitra Papadaki & Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos & Rosa Francesca De Masi & Giuseppe Peter Vanoli & Annarita Ferrante, 2022. "Multi-Objective Optimization for Cooling and Interior Natural Lighting in Buildings for Sustainable Renovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, June.

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