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Conceptual design of small aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion systems

Author

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  • Sziroczak, David
  • Jankovics, Istvan
  • Gal, Istvan
  • Rohacs, Daniel

Abstract

Stakeholders envision the introduction of electric and hybrid-electric aircraft into operation by 2035. First developments of such aircraft have demonstrated that the existing technologies do not allow realization of hybrid-electric aircraft matching the performance of traditional aircraft with the same load factors. The major challenge of future hybrid-electric aircraft development is the considerable improvement of the energetic efficiencies. This paper evaluates the (i) problems and barriers (ii) emerging and required future technologies of effective hybrid-electric propulsion systems and (iii) adaptation of the aircraft conceptual design process for the development of hybrid-electric aircraft. The developed methodology is applied to the conceptual design of a small aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion system. The results demonstrate that the adapted conceptual design methods with (i) constrains on mass fraction adapted to new technologies and solutions, (ii) constraints defined for energy fractions for flight mission legs, (iii) considering radically new elements and technologies in aircraft design and (iv) developing unconventional aircraft, aircraft operations may allow the development of small hybrid-electric aircraft with acceptable performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Sziroczak, David & Jankovics, Istvan & Gal, Istvan & Rohacs, Daniel, 2020. "Conceptual design of small aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:204:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220310446
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117937
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rohacs, J. & Kale, U. & Rohacs, D., 2022. "Radically new solutions for reducing the energy use by future aircraft and their operations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    2. Wang, Tao & Zhang, Yu & Yin, Zhao & Qiu, Liang & Hua, Yang & Zhang, Xian-wen & Qian, Ye-jian, 2023. "Decoupling control scheme optimization and energy analysis for a triaxial gas turbine based on the variable power offtakes/inputs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    3. Zhang, Jinning & Roumeliotis, Ioannis & Zolotas, Argyrios, 2022. "Model-based fully coupled propulsion-aerodynamics optimization for hybrid electric aircraft energy management strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    4. Khaoula Derbel & Károly Beneda, 2020. "Sliding Mode Control for Micro Turbojet Engine Using Turbofan Power Ratio as Control Law," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-23, September.
    5. Wang, Weida & Chen, Yincong & Yang, Chao & Li, Ying & Xu, Bin & Xiang, Changle, 2022. "An enhanced hypotrochoid spiral optimization algorithm based intertwined optimal sizing and control strategy of a hybrid electric air-ground vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    6. Bravo, Guillem Moreno & Praliyev, Nurgeldy & Veress, Árpád, 2021. "Performance analysis of hybrid electric and distributed propulsion system applied on a light aircraft," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    7. Zhang, Zhen & Zhang, Tiezhu & Hong, Jichao & Zhang, Hongxin & Yang, Jian & Jia, Qingxiao, 2023. "Double deep Q-network guided energy management strategy of a novel electric-hydraulic hybrid electric vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    8. Hashemi, Seyed Reza & Mahajan, Ajay Mohan & Farhad, Siamak, 2021. "Online estimation of battery model parameters and state of health in electric and hybrid aircraft application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    9. Wang, Tao & Zhang, Yu & Yin, Zhao & Zhang, Hua-liang & Qian, Ye-jian, 2023. "Energy analysis and control scheme optimizations for a recuperated gas turbine with variable power offtakes/inputs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    10. Zhang, Haonan & Duan, Buren & Wu, Lizhi & Hua, Zuohao & Bao, Zijing & Guo, Ning & Ye, Yinghua & Galfetti, Luciano & DeLuca, Luigi T. & Shen, Ruiqi, 2021. "Actualization of an efficient throttleable laser propulsion mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    11. Wei, Zhiyuan & Zhang, Shuguang & Jafari, Soheil & Nikolaidis, Theoklis, 2022. "Self-enhancing model-based control for active transient protection and thrust response improvement of gas turbine aero-engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    12. Duan, Buren & Zhang, Haonan & Hua, Zuohao & Wu, Lizhi & Bao, Zijing & Guo, Ning & Ye, Yinghua & Shen, Ruiqi, 2022. "Burning characteristics and combustion wave model of AP/AN-based laser-controlled solid propellant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).

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