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Process optimization for biodiesel production from sheep skin and its performance, emission and combustion characterization in CI engine

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  • Jayaprabakar, J.
  • Dawn, S.S.
  • Ranjan, A.
  • Priyadharsini, P.
  • George, R.J.
  • Sadaf, S.
  • Rajha, C. Rajeswara

Abstract

For the current research work, New Zealand origin sheep skin fat (NOSSF) with 7% free fatty acid (FFA) content was chosen for biodiesel production. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the acid catalyzed esterification of NOSSF. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed methanol to NOSSF mole ratio as an important parameter for the acid esterification reaction. The p-value < 0.05 and F-value = 401.18 showed that quadratic model is significant. NOSSB yield of about 92% was achieved, when the acid esterification was carried out with 0.5 wt% H2SO4, 18:1 methanol: NOSSF mole ratio at 65 °C for 4 h followed by alkali-catalyzed transesterification of NOSSE with 0.5 wt% NaOH, 6:1 methanol: NOSSE mole ratio at 65 °C for 2 h. The physicochemical properties of NOSSB-PBD blends were evaluated and were observed to be well within the limits of ASTM D765 standards. Among all the blends, the NOSSB20 blend, showed good performance in par with PBD fuel operation with respect to BTE, BP and BSFC at full load. NOSSB-PBD blends emitted less CO and HC but more CO2 and NOx emissions than PBD.

Suggested Citation

  • Jayaprabakar, J. & Dawn, S.S. & Ranjan, A. & Priyadharsini, P. & George, R.J. & Sadaf, S. & Rajha, C. Rajeswara, 2019. "Process optimization for biodiesel production from sheep skin and its performance, emission and combustion characterization in CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 54-68.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:54-68
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.140
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    5. Manimaran, Rajayokkiam & Mohanraj, Thangavelu & Venkatesan, Moorthy & Ganesan, Rajamohan & Balasubramanian, Dhinesh, 2022. "A computational technique for prediction and optimization of VCR engine performance and emission parameters fuelled with Trichosanthes cucumerina biodiesel using RSM with desirability function approac," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    6. Rajesh, K. & Natarajan, M.P. & Devan, P.K. & Ponnuvel, S., 2021. "Coconut fatty acid distillate as novel feedstock for biodiesel production and its characterization as a fuel for diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1424-1435.
    7. Aydın, Selman, 2020. "Comprehensive analysis of combustion, performance and emissions of power generator diesel engine fueled with different source of biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    8. Sathish, T. & Ağbulut, Ümit & Kumari, Vinod & Rathinasabapathi, G. & Karthikumar, K. & Rama Jyothi, N. & Ratna Kandavalli, Sumanth & Vijay Muni, T. & Saravanan, R., 2023. "Energy recovery from waste animal fats and detailed testing on combustion, performance, and emission analysis of IC engine fueled with their blends enriched with metal oxide nanoparticles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    9. El-Shafay, A.S. & Gad, M.S. & Ağbulut, Ümit & Attia, El-Awady, 2023. "Optimization of performance and emission outputs of a CI engine powered with waste fat biodiesel: A detailed RSM, fuzzy multi-objective and MCDM application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).

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