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Capacity estimation algorithm with a second-order differential voltage curve for Li-ion batteries with NMC cathodes

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  • Goh, Taedong
  • Park, Minjun
  • Seo, Minhwan
  • Kim, Jun Gu
  • Kim, Sang Woo

Abstract

Accurate diagnosis of battery degradation is important for safe and efficient battery management. Capacity is a reliable index to describe the state of health (SOH) in batteries. In this paper, a capacity estimation algorithm for Li-ion batteries with nickel, manganese, and cobalt (NMC) cathodes based on a second-order differential voltage is proposed. A reference voltage curve was obtained during the CC charging phase from a fresh battery beforehand, and the input voltage curve was measured and compared, under the same operating conditions, from an aged battery. The input voltage curve is aligned to the reference curve to minimize the error of the second-order differential voltage. The compensated charging time of the aligned curve has a linear relation with the battery capacity until capacity reduction reaches 23.5%. From the linear model, the capacity can be estimated easily. This method is verified for five packs aged with different discharge currents. In the aging cycle and the initial SOC variation test, the capacity estimation error is less than 2% until it reaches 76.5% capacity. The proposed method does not require a complete aging test (for the table) to relate the charging time and the capacity.

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  • Goh, Taedong & Park, Minjun & Seo, Minhwan & Kim, Jun Gu & Kim, Sang Woo, 2017. "Capacity estimation algorithm with a second-order differential voltage curve for Li-ion batteries with NMC cathodes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 257-268.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:135:y:2017:i:c:p:257-268
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.141
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    9. Jiang, Yan & Meng, Xin, 2023. "A battery capacity estimation method based on the equivalent circuit model and quantile regression using vehicle real-world operation data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    10. Chen, Dan & Meng, Jinhao & Huang, Huanyang & Wu, Ji & Liu, Ping & Lu, Jiwu & Liu, Tianqi, 2022. "An Empirical-Data Hybrid Driven Approach for Remaining Useful Life prediction of lithium-ion batteries considering capacity diving," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
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    12. Zheng, Linfeng & Zhu, Jianguo & Wang, Guoxiu & Lu, Dylan Dah-Chuan & He, Tingting, 2018. "Differential voltage analysis based state of charge estimation methods for lithium-ion batteries using extended Kalman filter and particle filter," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 1028-1037.
    13. Xue, Qiao & Li, Junqiu & Xu, Peipei, 2022. "Machine learning based swift online capacity prediction of lithium-ion battery through whole cycle life," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    14. Li, Xiaoyu & Wang, Zhenpo & Zhang, Lei, 2019. "Co-estimation of capacity and state-of-charge for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 33-44.
    15. Matthieu Dubarry & David Beck, 2021. "Analysis of Synthetic Voltage vs. Capacity Datasets for Big Data Li-ion Diagnosis and Prognosis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, April.
    16. Wang, Zengkai & Zeng, Shengkui & Guo, Jianbin & Qin, Taichun, 2019. "State of health estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on the constant voltage charging curve," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 661-669.
    17. Qiaohua Fang & Xuezhe Wei & Tianyi Lu & Haifeng Dai & Jiangong Zhu, 2019. "A State of Health Estimation Method for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Voltage Relaxation Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, April.
    18. Zheng, Yuejiu & Cui, Yifan & Han, Xuebing & Ouyang, Minggao, 2021. "A capacity prediction framework for lithium-ion batteries using fusion prediction of empirical model and data-driven method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    19. Sun, Tao & Wang, Shaoqing & Jiang, Sheng & Xu, Bowen & Han, Xuebing & Lai, Xin & Zheng, Yuejiu, 2022. "A cloud-edge collaborative strategy for capacity prognostic of lithium-ion batteries based on dynamic weight allocation and machine learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    20. Qian, Cheng & Xu, Binghui & Chang, Liang & Sun, Bo & Feng, Qiang & Yang, Dezhen & Ren, Yi & Wang, Zili, 2021. "Convolutional neural network based capacity estimation using random segments of the charging curves for lithium-ion batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).

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