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Experimental investigation on thermal cracking, permeability under HTHP and application for geothermal mining of HDR

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  • Zhao, Yangsheng
  • Feng, Zijun
  • Zhao, Yu
  • Wan, Zhijun

Abstract

Thermal cracking behavior of granite at high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) is the key to the performance of Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal energy extraction system. In this study, permeability tests accompanying acoustic emission (AE) tests in granites are first conducted under HTHP by 600 °C 20MN servo control rock triaxial testing machine. The test results show that granites, nearly impermeable rocks, can show a striking increase of permeability by heating from the critical temperature. The growth curve of granite permeability shows two phases because of the multi-period of thermal-cracking in the heating process from room temperature to 500 °C. The coupled effect of temperature and pressure shows that critical temperature of permeability change decreases with increasing confining pressure. Then, a detailed characterization of the sample microstructure is presented using Micro-CT method. It is discovered that thermal cracking mainly occurs at grain boundaries in forms of inter-granular microcracks along apparent weaknesses, and develops with increasing temperature. Meanwhile intra-granular cracks are observed when heating to 500 °C, indicating that thermal cracking in granite under HTHP is induced by both intra-granular and inter-granular thermal stress. At last, experimental stimulation and application for geothermal mining of HDR are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Yangsheng & Feng, Zijun & Zhao, Yu & Wan, Zhijun, 2017. "Experimental investigation on thermal cracking, permeability under HTHP and application for geothermal mining of HDR," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 305-314.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:132:y:2017:i:c:p:305-314
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.093
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhao, Yangsheng & Feng, Zijun & Feng, Zengchao & Yang, Dong & Liang, Weiguo, 2015. "THM (Thermo-hydro-mechanical) coupled mathematical model of fractured media and numerical simulation of a 3D enhanced geothermal system at 573 K and buried depth 6000–7000 M," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 193-205.
    2. Zeng, Yu-Chao & Wu, Neng-You & Su, Zheng & Wang, Xiao-Xing & Hu, Jian, 2013. "Numerical simulation of heat production potential from hot dry rock by water circulating through a novel single vertical fracture at Desert Peak geothermal field," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 268-282.
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    Citations

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    1. Yang, Fujian & Wang, Guiling & Hu, Dawei & Liu, Yanguang & Zhou, Hui & Tan, Xianfeng, 2021. "Calibrations of thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling parameters for heating and water-cooling treated granite," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 544-558.
    2. Zhang, Wei & Guo, Tian-kui & Qu, Zhan-qing & Wang, Zhiyuan, 2019. "Research of fracture initiation and propagation in HDR fracturing under thermal stress from meso-damage perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 508-521.
    3. Yin, Weitao & Zhao, Yangsheng & Feng, Zijun, 2020. "Experimental research on the permeability of fractured-subsequently-filled granite under high temperature-high pressure and the application to HDR geothermal mining," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 499-508.
    4. Yin, Weitao & Zhao, Yangsheng & Feng, Zijun, 2019. "Experimental research on the rupture characteristics of fractures subsequently filled by magma and hydrothermal fluid in hot dry rock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 71-79.
    5. Cai, Jianchao & Zhang, Zhien & Wei, Wei & Guo, Dongming & Li, Shuai & Zhao, Peiqiang, 2019. "The critical factors for permeability-formation factor relation in reservoir rocks: Pore-throat ratio, tortuosity and connectivity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    6. Shi, Yu & Xu, Fuqiang & Song, Xianzhi & Wang, Gaosheng & Zuo, Yinhui & Li, Xiaojiang & Ji, Jiayan, 2023. "Rock damage evolution in the production process of the enhanced geothermal systems considering thermal-hydrological-mechanical and damage (THM-D)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    7. Yangchun Wu & Linqi Huang & Xibing Li & Yide Guo & Huilin Liu & Jiajun Wang, 2022. "Effects of Strain Rate and Temperature on Physical Mechanical Properties and Energy Dissipation Features of Granite," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, May.
    8. Zhang, Wei & Qu, Zhanqing & Guo, Tiankui & Wang, Zhiyuan, 2019. "Study of the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) heat mining from variably fractured hot dry rock under thermal stress," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 855-871.
    9. Liu, Weiji & Li, Aoyu & Zhu, Xiaohua, 2024. "The mechanism of wellbore instability in high-temperature fractured granite formation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    10. Wang, Yijiang & Jiang, Jinyi & Darkwa, Jo & Xu, Zeyuan & Zheng, Xiaofeng & Zhou, Guoqing, 2020. "Experimental study of thermal fracturing of Hot Dry Rock irradiated by moving laser beam: Temperature, efficiency and porosity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 803-816.

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