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Commercial building energy use in six cities in Southern China

Author

Listed:
  • Xu, Peng
  • Huang, Joe
  • Shen, Pengyuan
  • Ma, Xiaowen
  • Gao, Xuefei
  • Xu, Qiaolin
  • Jiang, Han
  • Xiang, Yong

Abstract

With China’s continuing economic growth, the percentage of government offices and large commercial buildings has increased tremendously; thus, the impact of their energy usage has grown drastically. In this survey, a database with more than 400 buildings was created and analyzed. We researched energy consumption by region, building type, building size and vintage, and we determined the total energy use and performed end use breakdowns of typical buildings in six cities in southern China. The statistical analysis shows that, on average, the annual building electricity use ranged from 50 to 100kWh/m2 for office buildings, 120 to 250kWh/m2 for shopping malls and hotels, and below 40kWh/m2 for education facilities. Building size has no direct correlation with building energy intensity. Although modern commercial buildings built in the 1990s and 2000s did not use more energy on average than buildings built previously, the highest electricity intensive modern buildings used much more energy than those built prior to 1990. Commercial buildings in China used less energy than buildings in equivalent weather locations in the US and about the same amount of energy as buildings in India. However, commercial buildings in China provide comparatively less thermal comfort than buildings in comparable US climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Peng & Huang, Joe & Shen, Pengyuan & Ma, Xiaowen & Gao, Xuefei & Xu, Qiaolin & Jiang, Han & Xiang, Yong, 2013. "Commercial building energy use in six cities in Southern China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 76-89.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:53:y:2013:i:c:p:76-89
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.002
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaojing Sun & Marilyn A. Brown & Matt Cox & Roderick Jackson, 2016. "Mandating better buildings: a global review of building codes and prospects for improvement in the United States," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(2), pages 188-215, March.
    2. Constantine Kontokosta, 2015. "A Market-Specific Methodology for a Commercial Building Energy Performance Index," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 288-316, August.
    3. Ming Zhang & Yan Song & Lixia Yao, 2015. "Exploring commercial sector building energy consumption in China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(3), pages 2673-2682, February.
    4. Hou, Jing & Liu, Yisheng & Wu, Yong & Zhou, Nan & Feng, Wei, 2016. "Comparative study of commercial building energy-efficiency retrofit policies in four pilot cities in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 204-215.
    5. Xia, X.H. & Hu, Y. & Chen, G.Q. & Alsaedi, A. & Hayat, T. & Wu, X.D., 2015. "Vertical specialization, global trade and energy consumption for an urban economy: A value added export perspective for Beijing," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 318(C), pages 49-58.
    6. Chen, Han & Chen, Wenying, 2019. "Potential impact of shifting coal to gas and electricity for building sectors in 28 major northern cities of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 1049-1061.
    7. Yu, Yanzhe & Cheng, Jie & You, Shijun & Ye, Tianzhen & Zhang, Huan & Fan, Man & Wei, Shen & Liu, Shan, 2019. "Effect of implementing building energy efficiency labeling in China: A case study in Shanghai," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    8. Zhou, Nan & Price, Lynn & Yande, Dai & Creyts, Jon & Khanna, Nina & Fridley, David & Lu, Hongyou & Feng, Wei & Liu, Xu & Hasanbeigi, Ali & Tian, Zhiyu & Yang, Hongwei & Bai, Quan & Zhu, Yuezhong & Xio, 2019. "A roadmap for China to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve a 20% share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy by 2030," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 793-819.
    9. Huo, Tengfei & Xu, Linbo & Liu, Bingsheng & Cai, Weiguang & Feng, Wei, 2022. "China’s commercial building carbon emissions toward 2060: An integrated dynamic emission assessment model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    10. Yang, Xinyan & Zhang, Shicong & Xu, Wei, 2019. "Impact of zero energy buildings on medium-to-long term building energy consumption in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 574-586.

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