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Photovoltaic (PV) electricity: Comparative analyses of CO2 abatement at different fuel mix scales in the US

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  • Sivaraman, Deepak
  • Keoleian, Gregory A.

Abstract

Photovoltaic electricity has the potential to mitigate CO2 emissions from the grid. A methodology to more accurately evaluate CO2 abatement by PV electricity is developed. We develop a capacity factor based dispatching model to evaluate marginal abatement in the load zones of ERCOT and CAISO, and compare it to the abatement using national, regional and state average resource profiles. The average cases over-estimated and under-estimated CO2 abatement in ERCOT and CAISO, respectively. Marginal abatement was lower by 17% than the average cases in ERCOT, due to the predominant displacement of the low carbon natural gas plants at the margin. In CASIO, marginal abatement was higher (1.3-2.4 times) than that of the average cases due to the displacement of highly inefficient gas plants at the margin. We demonstrate that actual CO2 abatement of PV electricity is dependent on both peak load resources and capacity of installations. Subsequently, we develop a CO2 indicator that can be used as a guideline for selecting PV installation sites to derive maximum abatement. Installing photovoltaics in regional areas of MRO, SPP and RFC was determined to be most beneficial. The results of this study can guide energy planning and CO2 mitigation policy-making using photovoltaics in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Sivaraman, Deepak & Keoleian, Gregory A., 2010. "Photovoltaic (PV) electricity: Comparative analyses of CO2 abatement at different fuel mix scales in the US," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 5708-5718, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:38:y:2010:i:10:p:5708-5718
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhai, Pei & Larsen, Peter & Millstein, Dev & Menon, Surabi & Masanet, Eric, 2012. "The potential for avoided emissions from photovoltaic electricity in the United States," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 443-450.
    2. Descateaux, Paul & Astudillo, Miguel F. & Amor, Mourad Ben, 2016. "Assessing the life cycle environmental benefits of renewable distributed generation in a context of carbon taxes: The case of the Northeastern American market," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1178-1189.
    3. Sivaraman, Deepak & Moore, Michael R., 2012. "Economic performance of grid-connected photovoltaics in California and Texas (United States): The influence of renewable energy and climate policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 274-287.
    4. Yu-Ling Hsiao, Cody & Ai, Dan & Wei, Xinyang & Sheng, Ni, 2021. "The contagious effect of China’s energy policy on stock markets: The case of the solar photovoltaic industry," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 74-86.
    5. Sivaraman, Deepak & Horne, Ralph E., 2011. "Regulatory potential for increasing small scale grid connected photovoltaic (PV) deployment in Australia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 586-595, February.
    6. Amor, Mourad Ben & Gaudreault, Caroline & Pineau, Pierre-Olivier & Samson, Réjean, 2014. "Implications of integrating electricity supply dynamics into life cycle assessment: A case study of renewable distributed generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 410-419.
    7. Fang, Yiping & Wei, Yanqiang, 2013. "Climate change adaptation on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau: The importance of solar energy utilization for rural household," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 508-518.
    8. Choi, Dong Gu & Thomas, Valerie M., 2012. "An electricity generation planning model incorporating demand response," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 429-441.
    9. Spiller, Elisheba & Sopher, Peter & Martin, Nicholas & Mirzatuny, Marita & Zhang, Xinxing, 2017. "The environmental impacts of green technologies in TX," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 199-214.

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